ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice A 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the primary action of interferon alfa?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Interferon alfa is an immunomodulatory agent that works by enhancing the immune system's ability to fight cancer. It has cytotoxic and cytostatic effects, meaning it can kill cancer cells or inhibit their growth. Additionally, it promotes the differentiation of stem cells, which can help restore normal cell function. While interferon alfa does produce cytokines and interleukins, its primary action is immunomodulation and direct effects on cancer cells. It does not primarily cause allergic reactions or produce red blood cells.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign of Hemolytic anemia:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cyanosis is the bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to insufficient oxygen in the blood. It is not a typical clinical sign of hemolytic anemia. Hemolytic anemia is characterized by the premature destruction of red blood cells, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, hemoglobinuria (presence of hemoglobin in the urine), jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and sometimes lower back pain due to kidney involvement. Cyanosis is more commonly associated with respiratory or cardiovascular conditions where oxygen levels are affected.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following agents if taken in overdose by a depressed patient is most likely to result in a fatal outcome?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Overdose fatality depends on toxicity and mechanism. Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), blocks sodium channels and muscarinic receptors, causing lethal arrhythmias, seizures, and anticholinergic effects (LD50 ~13 mg/kg), making it highly fatal. Fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and citalopram, all SSRIs, primarily cause serotonin syndrome or seizures, but lethality is lower (e.g., citalopram's QT risk is less immediate). TCAs' cardiotoxicity far exceeds SSRIs', driving amitriptyline's higher fatality rate, a critical factor in prescribing for depression with suicide risk.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse assesses the client might be experiencing toxicity from colchicine. Which statement by the client would most likely confirm the nurse's suspicion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colchicine toxicity causes GI distress-nausea, vomiting, pain-per overdose data, a hallmark sign. Joint pain is gout, not toxicity. Vision/taste changes or cramps aren't linked-GI rules. This confirms suspicion, per assessment.
Question 5 of 5
The patient receives a drug that is excreted in the bile. What will the best nursing assessment of the effect of this drug on the patient include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Biliary excretion (e.g., rifampin) can prolong a drug's action via enterohepatic recycling-reabsorption from the gut extends duration, a key assessment point. Side effects don't inherently increase or decrease-dose and metabolism matter. Reduced effect assumes loss, not recycling. Prolonged action reflects pharmacokinetics, guiding monitoring for efficacy and toxicity.