What is the nurse's primary role in promoting health?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the nurse's primary role in promoting health is to educate others about health promotion activities. Nurses play a crucial role in providing knowledge and guidance to individuals, families, and communities on how to maintain and improve their health. By educating others, nurses empower them to make informed decisions about their health. Option B, avoiding smoking or drinking in public, is incorrect as it focuses on the nurse's personal behavior rather than their role in promoting health to others. Option C, being a role model for health promotion, is important but not the primary role of a nurse in promoting health. Option D, implementing stress reduction activities, is also important but falls under the broader scope of health promotion, which includes education about various aspects of health beyond stress reduction.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: C is correct because certification grants recognition in a specific practice area to individuals meeting set criteria. This ensures specialized knowledge and skills. A is incorrect as credentialing covers more than just professional competence. B is inaccurate as accreditation is not state-controlled but done by accrediting bodies. D is wrong since legal accreditation by the state Board of Nursing is mandatory, not voluntary.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Develop written materials in the patient's native language. This is necessary for culturally competent patient teaching as it ensures that the information is accessible and understandable to the individuals who have recently immigrated from Iraq. By providing materials in their native language, it enhances their comprehension and engagement with the content. This approach shows respect for their cultural background and helps to bridge any language barriers. A: Using materials developed previously for U.S. citizens may not be effective as they may not be culturally relevant or easily understood by individuals from Iraq. B: Using all visual materials may be helpful, but it is not sufficient on its own to ensure cultural competence in patient teaching. C: Using a lecture format with few questions may not be engaging or interactive enough for individuals from Iraq, and it may not cater to their preferred learning style.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epinephrine. When a client goes into cardiac arrest, the body's sympathetic nervous system is activated, leading to the release of epinephrine (adrenaline) from the adrenal glands. Epinephrine increases heart rate and blood flow, helping to restore circulation during cardiac arrest. Endorphins (A) are released in response to pain or stress, not directly related to cardiac arrest. Endothelin (B) is a peptide that constricts blood vessels, not a hormone secreted during cardiac arrest. Erythropoietin (D) is a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production, not directly involved in the body's response to cardiac arrest.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Masked grief. This type of grief occurs when the individual exhibits behaviors that are not typically associated with the grieving process, such as engaging in risky behaviors like promiscuity to mask or distract from their emotional pain. In this scenario, the woman's sudden change in behavior following her fiancé's death suggests that she may be using promiscuity as a coping mechanism to avoid facing her grief directly. Other choices: A: Anticipatory grief occurs before a loss, such as expecting the death of a loved one. B: Chronic grief is prolonged and ongoing, not typically characterized by sudden behavioral changes. C: Exaggerated grief involves intense and prolonged mourning, but does not necessarily involve maladaptive behaviors like promiscuity.