What is the most important action to be taken by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to decrease childhood obesity?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Involving the entire family in the management of obesity in a child is the most important action because family support and involvement are crucial for sustainable behavior change in children. The family plays a significant role in shaping a child's habits and lifestyle choices. By engaging the entire family, the community health nurse can create a supportive environment where healthy behaviors are encouraged and reinforced consistently. This approach addresses the root causes of childhood obesity by promoting healthy eating habits and physical activity within the child's daily life, rather than relying solely on external interventions like legislation or programs. Choice A is less effective because while legislation can create a healthier environment, it may not directly address the underlying family dynamics influencing a child's behavior. Choice B is important but may not be as effective as involving the family since parental influence extends beyond school-based programs. Choice D is valuable but may not address the core issue of family involvement, which is crucial for sustainable behavior change.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because cohesion in a group context refers to the level of connection or bond between individual members and the group as a whole. This attraction is essential for fostering teamwork, communication, and collaboration within the group. When members feel connected and committed to the group, they are more likely to work together effectively towards common goals. Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on individual contributions to the group's purpose rather than the group's overall unity. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to progress towards goals rather than the interpersonal relationships within the group. Choice C is incorrect as it emphasizes sharing personal experiences rather than the bond between members. In summary, cohesion is about the sense of belonging, trust, and mutual support among group members, which enhances group effectiveness and productivity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because initiating an infant car seat safety screening program for parents in low-income housing best represents primary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease or injury before it occurs. In this case, educating parents on proper car seat safety practices helps prevent injuries to infants in the first place. Administering the influenza vaccine (A) is an example of secondary prevention as it aims to detect and treat existing conditions. Starting a rehabilitation clinic (C) and setting up a blood pressure screening clinic (D) are also examples of secondary prevention as they focus on managing existing health conditions rather than preventing them.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because involving communities in their health care and encouraging their participation in decisions about health care leads to better health outcomes. By engaging communities, healthcare providers can better understand the specific needs and priorities of the population, leading to more effective and tailored interventions. This approach also promotes trust, patient empowerment, and better adherence to treatment plans. A, B, and C are incorrect because solely focusing on increasing funding for new pharmaceutical interventions, further research, or technological advances does not address the importance of community involvement in improving health care outcomes. While these factors are essential, they do not directly involve the community in decision-making processes, which is crucial for sustainable and impactful healthcare improvements.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Notify legal authorities. This is the most appropriate action for the CHN to take because suspected cases of child abuse must be reported to legal authorities to ensure the safety and well-being of the child. Reporting to legal authorities initiates an official investigation by trained professionals who can assess the situation and take appropriate action to protect the child. A: Asking the student about the abuse may put the child at risk of further harm if the abuser is present or if the child is not ready to disclose the abuse. B: Documenting findings in the student's school record is not sufficient to address the immediate safety concerns of the child. C: Discussing suspicions with teachers or spiritual leaders may not lead to the necessary intervention and protection of the child. In summary, notifying legal authorities is the most effective and necessary step to ensure the safety of the child in cases of suspected abuse.