What is the most important action to be taken by the community health nurse (CHN) who wishes to decrease childhood obesity?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Involving the entire family in the management of obesity in a child is the most important action because family support and involvement are crucial for sustainable behavior change in children. The family plays a significant role in shaping a child's habits and lifestyle choices. By engaging the entire family, the community health nurse can create a supportive environment where healthy behaviors are encouraged and reinforced consistently. This approach addresses the root causes of childhood obesity by promoting healthy eating habits and physical activity within the child's daily life, rather than relying solely on external interventions like legislation or programs. Choice A is less effective because while legislation can create a healthier environment, it may not directly address the underlying family dynamics influencing a child's behavior. Choice B is important but may not be as effective as involving the family since parental influence extends beyond school-based programs. Choice D is valuable but may not address the core issue of family involvement, which is crucial for sustainable behavior change.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Painless, firm scrotal mass or swelling. This is the most common symptom of testicular cancer because it often presents as a painless lump or swelling in the testicle. Other choices are incorrect because low back pain (A) is not a common symptom of testicular cancer, fatigue (B) is a non-specific symptom that can occur in many conditions, and mild to moderate pressure to the scrotum (D) is not a typical symptom of testicular cancer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Family as the client. In traditional CHN practice, the focus was on individual care with little regard for the family as a unit of care. By viewing the family as the client, CHNs can address the health needs of the entire family, recognizing that the family unit itself plays a significant role in individual health outcomes. This approach allows for a more holistic and comprehensive understanding of health within the family context. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the traditional conceptualization of the family in CHN practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Health values. Health values are the most important predictor of health because they encompass an individual's attitudes, beliefs, and priorities related to health. Individuals who place a high value on their health are more likely to engage in behaviors that promote wellness and seek necessary healthcare. This intrinsic motivation plays a crucial role in determining health outcomes. Biological risk (A) focuses on genetic predispositions and physical health conditions, which are important but not as predictive as health values. Economic risk (B) and life-event risk (C) can certainly impact health outcomes, but they are external factors that may not always directly correlate with an individual's health status. Ultimately, it is the personal health values and choices that have the most significant influence on one's health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because cohesion in a group context refers to the level of connection or bond between individual members and the group as a whole. This attraction is essential for fostering teamwork, communication, and collaboration within the group. When members feel connected and committed to the group, they are more likely to work together effectively towards common goals. Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on individual contributions to the group's purpose rather than the group's overall unity. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to progress towards goals rather than the interpersonal relationships within the group. Choice C is incorrect as it emphasizes sharing personal experiences rather than the bond between members. In summary, cohesion is about the sense of belonging, trust, and mutual support among group members, which enhances group effectiveness and productivity.