What is the most effective way to limit the number of microorganisms in the hospital?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most effective way to limit the number of microorganisms in the hospital is by using strict aseptic technique in all procedures. This approach ensures that the risk of introducing harmful microorganisms into the hospital environment or patients is minimized. Choice B, wearing a mask and gown when caring for patients with communicable diseases, is important but not as comprehensive as using aseptic technique in all procedures. Sterilizing all instruments (Choice C) is crucial for preventing infections but may not address all avenues of microorganism transmission. Handwashing (Choice D) is a fundamental practice in infection control but alone may not be as effective as utilizing aseptic techniques in all procedures to limit microorganisms in the hospital.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A major goal for home care nurses is restoring maximum health function. This involves helping patients achieve their highest level of health and independence, focusing on individualized care plans tailored to each patient's needs. Choice B, promoting the health of populations, is more aligned with public health nursing rather than home care nursing. Choice C, minimizing the progress of disease, is important but not as comprehensive as restoring maximum health function. Choice D, maintaining the health of populations, is more about preventive care at a population level rather than the individualized care provided by home care nurses.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct understanding of using a cold compress includes knowing that it helps prevent edema and reduces pain. Cold application constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the area, which helps decrease swelling and pain. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because cold compresses do not directly affect blood viscosity, safety compared to hot compresses, or eliminate toxic waste products due to vasodilation. It is essential for nurses to have a clear understanding of the rationale behind interventions to provide effective patient care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Regulatory Power. Regulatory power involves the authority to create rules and regulations that govern a specific area. In this case, the PRC-Board of Nursing's release of Resolution No. 14 Series of 1999 for the Nursing Specialty Certification Program falls under regulatory power as it establishes guidelines and standards for nursing specialty certification. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Quasi-judicial power involves making decisions on rights and obligations, quasi-legislative power involves creating regulations with the force of law, and executive/promulgating power involves enforcing and implementing laws and regulations.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Sperm can no longer reach the ova because the fallopian tubes are blocked.' Tubal ligation works by blocking the fallopian tubes, preventing sperm from reaching the egg for fertilization. Choice A is incorrect because prostaglandins are not released from the cut fallopian tubes to kill sperm. Choice B is incorrect as the cervical entrance being blocked does not relate to tubal ligation. Choice D is incorrect because tubal ligation does not affect the release of ova from the ovary.