ATI RN
RN Evidence-Based Practice in Community and Public Health Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the most effective way of controlling schistosomiasis in an endemic area?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Proper use of sanitary toilets. This is the most effective way to control schistosomiasis in an endemic area because it interrupts the life cycle of the parasite by preventing human waste from contaminating water sources. Molluscicides target snails, the intermediate host, but may not be sustainable. Building foot bridges and using protective footwear help reduce exposure but do not address the root cause. Sanitary toilets directly address the transmission route, making it the most effective control measure.
Question 2 of 5
Estimate the number of infants in the barangay.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (55). To estimate the number of infants in the barangay, we need to consider a reasonable average number of infants per household. Assuming an average household size of 4, with about 2 adults and 2 children, we can estimate that roughly 25% of households may have infants. With a total of 220 households in the barangay, 25% of 220 is 55, making C the most reasonable estimate. Summary of other choices: A: 45 - This is on the lower side and underestimates the number of infants. B: 50 - Similar to A, it underestimates the number of infants. D: 60 - This is on the higher side and overestimates the number of infants.
Question 3 of 5
A client was diagnosed as having Dengue Fever. You will say that there is slow capillary refill when the color of the nailbed that you pressed does not return within how many seconds?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 5 seconds. Slow capillary refill in Dengue Fever typically indicates poor peripheral perfusion, which can be a sign of shock. In a healthy individual, capillary refill should occur within 2 seconds. In cases of shock or poor perfusion, the capillary refill time may be prolonged. Choosing 5 seconds as the threshold aligns with the delayed capillary refill commonly seen in patients with Dengue Fever. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the typical time frame for capillary refill in these circumstances.
Question 4 of 5
The pathognomonic sign of measles is Koplik's spot. You may see Koplik's spot by inspecting the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Buccal mucosa. Koplik's spots are small white spots surrounded by a red halo that appear on the buccal mucosa opposite the molars. This is a pathognomonic sign of measles due to the presence of the measles virus in the mucous membranes. Inspecting the nasal mucosa (Choice A) would not reveal Koplik's spots. Similarly, examining the skin on the abdomen (Choice C) or the skin on the antecubital surface (Choice D) would not show Koplik's spots as they are specific to the buccal mucosa.
Question 5 of 5
Among children aged 2 months to 3 years, the most prevalent form of meningitis is caused by which microorganism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hemophilus Influenzae. In children aged 2 months to 3 years, Hemophilus Influenzae type B (Hib) is the most prevalent cause of meningitis due to their immature immune systems. Hib vaccination has significantly reduced the incidence of Hib meningitis. Morbillivirus (B) causes measles, not meningitis. Streptococcus Pneumoniae (C) and Neisseria meningitidis (D) can also cause meningitis but are less common in this age group compared to Hib.