What is the most common reproductive tract cancer associated with pregnancy?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of ethical issues in maternal newborn nursing, understanding the most common reproductive tract cancer associated with pregnancy is crucial for providing comprehensive care to pregnant individuals. The correct answer is A) Cervical cancer. During pregnancy, there are physiological changes in the cervix that may contribute to an increased risk of developing cervical cancer. Regular prenatal screenings, such as Pap smears, are essential to detect any abnormalities early on. Option B) Uterine cancer is less commonly associated with pregnancy compared to cervical cancer. Pregnancy itself does not significantly increase the risk of uterine cancer development. Option C) Ovarian cancer is not directly associated with pregnancy. The risk factors and mechanisms of ovarian cancer are different from cervical cancer, making it less likely to be the correct answer in this context. Option D) Fallopian tube cancer is rare and not typically associated with pregnancy. While fallopian tube issues can impact fertility and pregnancy, cancer of the fallopian tubes is not a common concern during pregnancy. By understanding the specific risks and associations between reproductive tract cancers and pregnancy, maternal newborn nurses can provide informed care, education, and support to pregnant individuals, promoting early detection and optimal health outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option A) Postmenopausal woman with hypertension. Endometrial cancer is influenced by hormonal factors, particularly estrogen exposure. Postmenopausal women with hypertension are at higher risk due to their prolonged exposure to estrogen unopposed by progesterone, which can lead to endometrial hyperplasia and potentially cancer. Option B) Woman who has an intrauterine device (IUD) is less likely to develop endometrial cancer as the IUD use has been associated with a decreased risk of this type of cancer due to its effect on reducing estrogen exposure. Option C) Client who has been on birth control for 15 years has a reduced risk of endometrial cancer due to the progestin component in most birth control pills, which helps counter the estrogen's effects on the endometrium. Option D) Perimenopausal woman who has a cystocele is not at the highest risk for endometrial cancer. While perimenopausal women may still have some estrogen exposure, other options present higher risk factors for endometrial cancer. Educationally, understanding the risk factors for endometrial cancer is crucial for nurses caring for women's health. Recognizing the impact of hormonal influences and comorbidities like hypertension can inform nursing assessments, patient education, and preventive care strategies to promote early detection and optimal outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A nurse caring for a patient who presents with a thin vaginal discharge with a strong fishy odor should prepare for performing a whiff test. The whiff test, also known as the amine or sniff test, is used to aid in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV). BV is a common vaginal infection characterized by an overgrowth of harmful bacteria in the vagina and can cause symptoms like thin, grayish-white discharge with a strong fishy odor.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Urethritis is inflammation of the urethra usually caused by an infection. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, commonly known as gonorrhea, is a sexually transmitted bacterium known to cause urethritis. It is a common cause of urethritis in sexually active individuals. Escherichia coli is associated with urinary tract infections but not typically urethritis. Pregnancy is not a cause of urethritis. Spermicides can potentially irritate the urethra but are not a common cause of urethritis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The statement "I should take the prescribed antibiotics until I feel better" indicates effective teaching after a new diagnosis of nonlactational mastitis. Nonlactational mastitis is commonly treated with antibiotics to help clear up the infection. It is crucial for the patient to follow the prescribed antibiotic regimen as directed by their healthcare provider to ensure the infection is fully treated and to prevent it from worsening or recurring. Compliance with the antibiotic treatment plan is essential for successful management of nonlactational mastitis.