What is the most common reason for cracked, sore nipples?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: ineffective latch. An ineffective latch during breastfeeding can lead to cracked, sore nipples due to improper positioning and poor attachment of the baby to the breast. This can cause friction and irritation on the nipples, leading to pain and discomfort. It is crucial for the baby to have a deep latch to ensure proper milk transfer and to prevent nipple damage. Summary: A: A hungry infant may lead to more frequent feedings but not necessarily cause cracked, sore nipples. B: Pumping alone does not directly cause cracked, sore nipples; it is more related to how the baby latches during breastfeeding. D: While a lack of supportive bra may contribute to discomfort, it is not the primary reason for cracked, sore nipples.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because pain with movement is typically more intense after a cesarean birth compared to a vaginal birth. This is due to the surgery involving abdominal muscles and tissues. Breastfeeding is not discouraged after a cesarean birth; in fact, it is encouraged. Lochia, postpartum bleeding, is not necessarily heavier after a cesarean birth. Gas pain is more commonly associated with cesarean births due to reduced mobility and effects of anesthesia. Therefore, choice C is the most fitting difference between the two types of birth recoveries.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because ambulation after a cesarean birth helps the patient to lose weight. Walking promotes circulation, aids in healing, and can prevent complications such as blood clots and pneumonia. It also helps to restore strength and energy levels. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because ambulation primarily benefits the patient's overall well-being and recovery, rather than directly preventing DVT, aiding breastfeeding, or decreasing peristalsis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: psychosis. Partners of individuals with Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD) may experience shared psychosis due to the intense distrust and suspicion exhibited by the person with PPD. This can lead partners to develop similar delusions or false beliefs. Depression (A), bipolar disorder (C), and mania (D) are not directly associated with PPD and are less likely to be experienced solely as a result of being in a relationship with someone with PPD.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because encouraging the family to have support available for the person and partner is essential in managing postpartum depression (PPD). Support from loved ones can provide emotional, practical, and social assistance, which are crucial in helping the individual cope with PPD. It promotes a sense of belonging, reduces feelings of isolation, and helps in sharing the responsibilities of caring for the newborn. A: Encouraging the partner to let the postpartum person learn to take care of themself is not the best intervention as it may increase feelings of inadequacy and overwhelm in the individual experiencing PPD. C: Telling the person not to breast-feed if taking antidepressants is incorrect as breastfeeding can still be possible under the guidance of healthcare professionals while taking antidepressants. D: Keeping the newborn in the nursery most of the day and night is not recommended as it can disrupt bonding and caregiving opportunities between the parent and child, which are important for both parties' emotional well-being