What is the most common occupational respiratory disease?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Asthma. Asthma is the most common occupational respiratory disease due to exposure to various triggers in the workplace. It is characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms like wheezing and shortness of breath. Emphysema (A) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (B) are typically caused by long-term exposure to cigarette smoke, not necessarily occupational factors. Lung cancer (C) is often associated with smoking or exposure to carcinogens, not specifically related to occupation. Asthma is the most common occupational respiratory disease due to exposure to triggers like dust, chemicals, or fumes in the work environment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The external cause of the injury. The International Classification of Injury categorizes injury data based on the external cause of the injury, such as falls, car accidents, or sports injuries. This classification system helps identify trends, risk factors, and prevention strategies. Choice A is incorrect because the classification is not solely based on whether the injury causes death. Choice C is incorrect as it does not focus on individual risk but rather on the external cause. Choice D is incorrect as job category is not the primary factor in organizing injury data.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: job rotation. Job rotation involves periodically shifting employees between different roles to reduce monotony, prevent overuse injuries, and provide variety. This intervention can help improve occupational health and safety by reducing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue, and burnout. Skills training (B) focuses on enhancing employees' abilities but may not directly address safety concerns. Workstation redesign (C) aims to optimize ergonomics but may not impact overall safety. Forming a safety committee (D) is important for promoting a safety culture but is not a direct behavioural intervention for improving occupational health and safety.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Antecedent → Behaviour → Consequence. This model is known as the ABC model of behavior analysis. The antecedent triggers the behavior, which is followed by a consequence. This model is widely used in behavioral programming in the workplace as it helps understand and modify employee behaviors effectively. The antecedent sets the stage for the behavior to occur, the behavior itself is the observable action, and the consequence reinforces or discourages the behavior. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: A: Trigger → Behaviour → Reward - This model does not include the consequence element, which is crucial in understanding behavior. B: Trigger → Consequence → Behaviour - The consequence should follow the behavior, not come before it. This model is out of sequence. D: Antecedent → Behaviour → Reward - This model misses the important step of analyzing the consequences of behavior.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: They were given a more specific goal. This goal-setting technique, known as SMART goals, emphasizes the importance of setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound objectives. By providing a clear and specific goal for attending the health and safety training session, the first group of staff members had a clearer understanding of what was expected of them, leading to higher attendance rates. The other choices (A, C, D) are not as directly related to the specific goal-setting technique that contributed to the higher attendance in the first group.