What is the most common cause of hospitalization for older adults with diabetes?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Infection. Older adults with diabetes are more vulnerable to infections due to weakened immune systems caused by high blood sugar levels. Infections can lead to severe complications and hospitalization. Stroke (A) is a common complication of diabetes but not the most common cause of hospitalization. Hypoglycemia (B) and diabetic ketoacidosis (C) are acute complications of diabetes but are less common causes of hospitalization compared to infections.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Facilitate family rituals related to death and dying. In end-of-life care, it is essential to support the older adult and their family in their cultural and spiritual practices to promote comfort and closure. This intervention aligns with the goals of long-term care by addressing the psychological and emotional needs of the patient and family. Providing a basin and towels (B) focuses on physical self-care, which may not be a priority in end-stage disease. Decreasing analgesic dose (A) can compromise pain management and quality of life. Informing family members about strict visiting hours (C) can hinder emotional support and connection during this critical time.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Coordinating care for the older adult population. This is a key emerging issue in the health of older adults as it focuses on improving the integration and coordination of healthcare services to ensure comprehensive and efficient care delivery. This includes addressing the complex needs of older adults, promoting continuity of care, and enhancing communication among healthcare providers. Rationale: 1. Coordinating care addresses the holistic needs of older adults. 2. It aims to prevent fragmented care and improve health outcomes. 3. Enhances collaboration among healthcare providers and community resources. 4. Promotes patient-centered care and improves quality of life for older adults. Other Choices: B: Assisting older adults in the management of their own care - While important, this focuses on individual responsibility rather than systemic coordination. C: Identifying levels of training for those caring for older adults - Relevant but not a primary emerging issue in the health of older adults. D: Making community resources available for older adults - Important, but

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Home health care support. This is because having access to home health care support can provide ongoing monitoring, medication management, and assistance with activities of daily living, which can help prevent complications and reduce the need for hospital readmissions. Minimizing polypharmacy (A) is important but may not have as significant an impact as continuous home health care support. Frequent medication adjustments (B) may lead to confusion and potential adverse effects in older adults. Specialized geriatric assessments (D) are beneficial but may not directly address the day-to-day support needed to prevent hospital readmissions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because promoting independence without assistance to all clients may not always maintain safety for the elderly. Elderly individuals may require some level of assistance for certain activities to prevent falls or other safety risks. Providing assistance when needed is crucial for ensuring their safety. A: Modifying the environment to reduce obstacles and barriers to ambulation helps prevent falls. B: Consistent checks of ambulation abilities ensure early detection of any decline in mobility. C: Orienting to new surroundings and repeating as needed helps prevent confusion and disorientation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cataracts. Cataracts are the most common type of vision impairment in older adults due to the clouding of the eye's lens. As people age, proteins in the lens can clump together, leading to vision issues. Glaucoma (B) is characterized by damage to the optic nerve, AMD (C) affects the macula in the retina, and diabetic retinopathy (D) is a complication of diabetes affecting blood vessels in the retina. However, cataracts are the primary cause of vision impairment in older adults due to the natural aging process of the eye.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because regular repositioning every 2 hours, along with the use of pressure-relieving devices, is the most effective intervention to prevent pressure ulcers in older adults with limited mobility. Repositioning helps to redistribute pressure, reducing the risk of tissue damage. Pressure-relieving devices like cushions or mattresses further help to alleviate pressure points. Choice A is incorrect because strict bed rest and minimal repositioning can actually increase the risk of pressure ulcers by concentrating pressure on specific areas. Choice B is incorrect as high-protein diets and supplements alone do not address the primary cause of pressure ulcers, which is prolonged pressure on the skin. Choice D is incorrect because leaving wounds uncovered can increase the risk of infection and hinder the healing process.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pneumonia. Older adults are more susceptible to pneumonia due to weakened immune systems and underlying health conditions. Pneumonia can lead to severe complications, requiring hospitalization. Osteoarthritis (A) primarily affects joints and does not typically lead to hospitalization. Stroke (B) and heart failure (D) are serious conditions but may not be as common for hospitalization as pneumonia in older adults. Pneumonia's impact on the respiratory system and its ability to progress rapidly make it the most common reason for hospitalization in this population.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because loss of vision in one eye is not a typical sign or symptom of Parkinson's disease. A, B, and D are all common signs of Parkinson's disease. A - Mask-like facial expressions result from decreased facial muscle movement. B - Shuffling gait is a characteristic walking pattern in Parkinson's patients. D - Tremors without intention (at rest) are a classic symptom of Parkinson's disease due to disrupted brain signals. Therefore, C is the odd one out as it is not directly associated with Parkinson's disease manifestations.