What is the MOST common causative organism for uncomplicated UTI?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: E. coli is the most common uncomplicated UTI organism ~80% (e.g., fimbriae adhesion), community-acquired leader. Chlamydia causes urethritis not bladder. Klebsiella/Proteus are less frequent complicated UTIs. E. coli's dominance distinguishes it, key to UTI microbiology, unlike STD or secondary pathogens.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pyonephrosis is acute pus-filled pyelonephritis with hydronephrosis not chronic or non-suppurative. This defines an urgent condition, critical for intervention, contrasting with chronic or less severe states.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor) self-limits via acidosis, unlike furosemide, thiazide, or triamterene (sustained). This distinguishes diuretic pharmacology, critical for therapy duration, contrasting with persistent diuretics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Transitional cell carcinoma predominates in bilharzial bladder cancer not lateral/posterior focus, ulcerative pattern, or specific nodal spread alone. This links schistosomiasis to cancer type, critical for etiology, contrasting with gross or metastatic traits.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: GFR is influenced by renal blood flow, hydrostatic pressure, and ureteric obstruction (back pressure) all apply. This comprehensively affects filtration, critical for renal assessment, contrasting with single-factor views.