What is the minimum number of hours of nursing assistant training that is required by OBRA?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 75 hours. This is the minimum number of hours of nursing assistant training required by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA). OBRA mandates that nursing assistants complete 75 hours of training, including 16 hours of supervised practical training. Choice A (30 hours) is too low, choice B (50 hours) does not meet the minimum requirement, and choice D (100 hours) exceeds the minimum training hours specified by OBRA. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer as it aligns with the specific training hours mandated by OBRA.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a nursing assistant's responsibility in critical thinking involves promptly reporting any potential issues to the nurse for further assessment and intervention. This is crucial for ensuring timely and appropriate care for the resident. Seeking the resident's opinion (B) might not always be feasible or accurate in a critical situation. Asking the doctor for a medication change (C) is beyond the scope of a nursing assistant's role and requires medical expertise. Making changes to the care plan (D) should be done in collaboration with the nurse and other healthcare professionals after thorough evaluation of the situation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Breaking tasks into small steps. This approach is essential when caring for individuals with developmental disabilities to facilitate understanding and successful completion of tasks. Breaking tasks into small steps helps individuals focus, reduces overwhelm, and promotes independence. A: Offering praise only following a big accomplishment is incorrect as continuous positive reinforcement is important in building self-esteem and motivation. B: Actively discouraging social interaction is incorrect as social interaction is crucial for emotional well-being and overall development. D: Limiting conversation to residents who can verbalize is incorrect as communication can take various forms, and it is important to support and encourage communication in all individuals, regardless of their verbal abilities.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rationalization. Rationalization is a defense mechanism where one justifies or explains away failures by providing logical-sounding reasons that may not be true. In this scenario, the resident is attributing her failed hearing test to the machine not working properly, which is a rationalization to protect her ego from accepting the possibility of her own hearing impairment. Regression (A) is reverting to an earlier stage of development, displacement (B) is redirecting emotions to a substitute target, and denial (D) is refusing to accept reality. These defense mechanisms do not align with the resident's behavior in this specific situation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Overloaded electrical socket. Overloading electrical sockets can lead to overheating, sparks, and potential fires due to excessive current flow. This is a common fire hazard in facilities. Other choices are incorrect because a recycling container for plastic materials, a locked housekeeping supply closet, and a clean empty ashtray do not pose immediate fire risks compared to an overloaded electrical socket. These choices are not directly related to fire hazards in a facility.