What is the minimum number of hours of nursing assistant training that is required by OBRA?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 75 hours. This is because the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1987 mandates a minimum of 75 hours of training for nursing assistants in federally regulated nursing homes. This requirement ensures that nursing assistants receive adequate training to provide quality care to residents. Choice A (30 hours) is incorrect as it does not meet the minimum training hours required by OBRA. Choice B (50 hours) is also incorrect as it falls short of the 75-hour minimum. Choice D (100 hours) is incorrect as it exceeds the minimum requirement set by OBRA. Thus, the correct answer is C as it aligns with the specific training hours mandated by OBRA for nursing assistants.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a nursing assistant's responsibility in critical thinking is to promptly report any potential problem to the nurse for further assessment and intervention. This is crucial for ensuring the resident's safety and well-being. Seeking the resident's opinion (B) might not always be feasible or appropriate in urgent situations. Asking the doctor for medication changes (C) is beyond the nursing assistant's scope of practice. Making changes to the care plan (D) should be done under the supervision and direction of the nurse, not independently by the nursing assistant.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because breaking tasks into small steps is essential when caring for a person with a developmental disability. This approach helps in simplifying tasks, reducing overwhelm, and promoting successful completion. It also supports the person's independence and self-esteem. Option A is incorrect because praise should be given consistently to reinforce positive behaviors, not just following big accomplishments. Option B is incorrect as social interaction is crucial for the well-being and development of individuals with developmental disabilities. Option D is incorrect because communication should be encouraged with all residents, regardless of verbal abilities, using alternative methods like gestures or visual aids.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rationalization. Rationalization is a defense mechanism where an individual creates logical reasoning to justify their unacceptable behavior or feelings. In this case, the resident is rationalizing her failure by attributing it to the machine's malfunction instead of accepting her own inability to pass the test. Regression (A) is reverting to an earlier stage of development, displacement (B) is transferring emotions from one target to another, and denial (D) is refusing to accept reality - none of which apply to this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Overloaded electrical socket. Overloading an electrical socket can lead to overheating and potential electrical fires. The excessive electrical current can cause the wires to melt or ignite nearby flammable materials, posing a fire hazard. It is important to always follow electrical safety guidelines and avoid overloading sockets to prevent such incidents. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Recycling container for plastic materials - While improper disposal of plastic materials can be an environmental hazard, it is not directly related to fire safety in a facility. C: Locked housekeeping supply closet - A locked closet may prevent unauthorized access to cleaning supplies, but it does not pose a fire hazard. D: Clean empty ashtray - An empty ashtray does not present a fire hazard unless it contains hot ashes or cigarette butts.