What is the medical term for being unable to control the bladder or the bowels?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Incontinent. Incontinence refers to the inability to control bladder or bowel movements. It is a medical condition that can occur due to various factors such as muscle weakness, nerve damage, or medical conditions. The term "indwelling" refers to a catheter or medical device that remains inside the body. "Infectious" relates to the spread of diseases caused by pathogens. "Infiltration" typically refers to the diffusion of substances into tissues. In this context, incontinence is the most appropriate term to describe the inability to control bladder or bowel functions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (50%). Staff must report if a resident consumes less than 50% of his meal as this indicates a significant decrease in food intake which could impact the resident's health. Reporting at 75% (Choice A) may be too lenient and miss early signs of decreased appetite. Reporting at 35% (Choice C) may be too strict and result in unnecessary reporting for minor fluctuations. Reporting at 80% (Choice D) may not capture instances where the resident is not consuming enough food for proper nutrition. Therefore, 50% is the most appropriate threshold for reporting.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Difficulty chewing and swallowing. As people age, muscle strength and coordination in the mouth and throat may decline, leading to challenges in chewing and swallowing. This can result in issues such as choking and aspiration. This change is a normal part of aging due to weakening muscles. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to age-related changes in the gastrointestinal system. Taste sensitivity may decrease with age, saliva production can decrease, and the movement of waste through the intestines may slow down rather than speed up.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Endometrial cancer. This form of cancer starts in the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. Cervical cancer (A) originates in the cervix, ovarian cancer (B) in the ovaries, and testicular cancer (C) in the testicles. By process of elimination, endometrial cancer is the only choice that correctly matches the description of cancer beginning in the uterus.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increasing iron intake. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in red blood cells. Anemia is often due to an iron deficiency, so increasing iron intake helps replenish iron stores and improve red blood cell production. Reducing vitamin intake (A) is not recommended as vitamins play a crucial role in overall health. Injections of vitamin K (C) are not typically used to treat anemia. Decreasing fiber in the diet (D) is unrelated to anemia and can even worsen the condition by limiting nutrient absorption.