ATI RN
Immune System Test Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the medical term for an abnormal increase in white blood cells?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Leukocytosis. Leukocytosis refers to an abnormal increase in white blood cells, indicating an immune response. Thrombocytosis (B) is an increase in platelets, not white blood cells. Anemia (C) is a decrease in red blood cells. Hemolysis (D) is the breakdown of red blood cells, not related to an increase in white blood cells. Therefore, A is the correct answer as it specifically relates to an abnormal increase in white blood cells.
Question 2 of 5
A protein-protein interaction domain present both in TLR-4 and MyD88 is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: TIR. This is because both TLR-4 and MyD88 contain a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain, which mediates protein-protein interactions in the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. The other options, such as A (CARD), C (LRR), and D (Immunoglobulin-like domain), are not present in both TLR-4 and MyD88 and do not play a significant role in their interaction in the signaling pathway. This makes B the most appropriate choice as it accurately identifies the common protein-protein interaction domain between TLR-4 and MyD88.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following molecules can function both as complement initiators and as opsonins?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, All of the above. C3b, C-reactive protein, and MBL can all function as complement initiators and opsonins. C3b is a key complement protein involved in both processes. C-reactive protein can activate complement and enhance phagocytosis. MBL can also activate complement and enhance phagocytosis by binding to pathogens. All choices can serve as both initiators of the complement cascade and as opsonins, making D the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
The rearrangement of gene segments that occurs randomly in B cell receptor genes and T cell receptor genes:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Gene rearrangement in B cell and T cell receptor genes creates unique receptor proteins. Step 2: This diversity allows mature lymphocytes to recognize a wide range of antigens. Step 3: This process is crucial for adaptive immune response and antigen specificity. Step 4: Choices A and B do not accurately describe gene rearrangement. Step 5: Choice D is incorrect as gene rearrangement is specific to lymphocytes, not all cells in the body.
Question 5 of 5
Which represents a correct grouping with respect to the target of an immune response, immune response strength, and resulting health status?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Tumor antigens are non-self antigens that trigger a weak immune response due to immune tolerance. 2. Weak immune response against tumor antigens may lead to uncontrolled cell growth, resulting in cancer. 3. Strong immune responses are typically mounted against pathogens to clear infections. 4. Self-antigens should not trigger immune responses to prevent autoimmune diseases. 5. Transplanted organs can elicit strong immune responses leading to rejection, not acceptance. Summary: A - Incorrect: Self-antigens should not elicit immune responses to prevent autoimmune diseases. B - Incorrect: Pathogens typically trigger strong immune responses to clear infections, not recurrent ones. D - Incorrect: Transplanted organs often lead to strong immune responses and rejection, not acceptance.