ATI RN
Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the medical term for an abnormal decrease in platelets?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Thrombocytopenia, which refers to an abnormal decrease in platelets. Platelets are crucial for blood clotting. Leukopenia (A) is a decrease in white blood cells, not platelets. Anemia (C) is a decrease in red blood cells, not platelets. Hemolysis (D) is the breakdown of red blood cells, not related to platelet count. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it specifically addresses a decrease in platelet count, leading to potential bleeding issues.
Question 2 of 5
To which cellular location would you expect NFkB to move in macrophages that have been stimulated with LPS?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To the nucleus. When macrophages are stimulated with LPS, NFkB is activated and translocates to the nucleus. In the nucleus, NFkB regulates the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory response. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because NFkB does not primarily move to the cytoplasm, phagosomes, or cell membrane in response to LPS stimulation in macrophages.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following complement proteins is not part of the membrane attack complex?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: C5a. C5a is not part of the membrane attack complex (MAC). The MAC consists of C5b, C6, C7, C8, and multiple C9 molecules. C5a is a chemotactic factor that attracts immune cells to the site of infection, while C5b initiates the formation of the MAC. Choices B, C, and D (C5b, C6, C7) are all components of the MAC and play crucial roles in the formation and function of the complex.
Question 4 of 5
A naïve lymphocyte:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Naïve lymphocytes have antigen receptors but have not been activated by antigen. 2. Activation is necessary for their differentiation into effector cells. 3. Naïve lymphocytes are considered mature as they have completed development. 4. They circulate in secondary lymphoid tissues, not just primary lymphoid tissues. Summary: Choice C is correct because naïve lymphocytes have antigen receptors but have not been activated by antigen. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because naïve lymphocytes do express antigen receptors, are considered mature, and can be found in both primary and secondary lymphoid tissues.
Question 5 of 5
Autoimmune diseases are associated with several susceptibility factors. Environmental factors associated with increased risk of autoimmune disease include:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, "All of the above." Autoimmune diseases have complex causes, involving genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Infections can trigger autoimmune responses, sunlight exposure can influence immune function, and an imbalance in microbiota composition can lead to dysregulated immune responses. Therefore, all three factors can contribute to an increased risk of autoimmune diseases. Choices A, B, and C individually are all associated with autoimmune diseases, making option D the correct choice.