ATI RN
Epidemiology Question Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the main purpose of an observational study?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Observational studies (B) watch natural events (e.g., smoking-disease links). A and D are experimental, C is a byproduct.
Question 2 of 5
What type of bias occurs when the outcome influences the exposure classification?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reverse causation bias (D) occurs when outcome affects perceived exposure (e.g., disease prompting recall). A is selection, B is broad, C is recall.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a responsibility of the Institutional Review Board (IRB)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IRBs (C) review protocols for ethics (e.g., consent, safety). A, B, and D are not their roles.
Question 4 of 5
What is the impact of increasing the cutoff point of a diagnostic test on sensitivity and specificity?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Raising the cutoff (D) makes the test stricter, increasing specificity (fewer false positives) but decreasing sensitivity (more false negatives). A, B, and C defy trade-off.
Question 5 of 5
Secondary prevention primarily aims to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary prevention (B) catches and treats early disease (e.g., mammograms). A is primary, C and D are tertiary.