ATI RN
Questions for the Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the main goal of treatment in heart failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. The main goal of treatment in heart failure is to manage symptoms, improve heart function, and enhance quality of life. This involves optimizing medications, lifestyle modifications, and sometimes devices or surgeries. Increasing blood pressure (A) is not the goal as high blood pressure can worsen heart failure. Curing the underlying cause (B) may not always be possible, so the focus is on managing symptoms. Inducing weight loss (D) may be necessary in some cases, but it is not the primary goal of treatment for heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing the patient with influenza. The patient reports having general malaise and aching muscles over the past 2 weeks. The nurse suspects that the patient may have developed which complication of influenza?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bacterial pneumonia. Influenza can weaken the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections like pneumonia. Symptoms of bacterial pneumonia, such as persistent cough, chest pain, and difficulty breathing, align with the patient's reported general malaise and muscle aches. Bronchitis (A) is a common complication of influenza but is usually characterized by cough with or without phlegm. Urinary infection (C) and encephalitis (D) are less likely in this scenario as the patient's symptoms are more indicative of a respiratory complication.
Question 3 of 5
Where is carbonic anhydrase commonly found in the body?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lungs. Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid, which plays a crucial role in maintaining acid-base balance in the body. In the lungs, carbonic anhydrase helps regulate the levels of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate in the blood by facilitating the exchange of gases during respiration. This enzyme is not predominantly found in the liver, kidneys, or stomach, as their functions are not directly related to gas exchange or acid-base balance.
Question 4 of 5
Pain with chronic stable angina is due to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because chronic stable angina is caused by insufficient blood flow due to narrowing of the coronary arteries, leading to inadequate oxygen supply to the heart muscle during exertion. This results in chest pain. A is incorrect as there is no rubbing of epicardium against the pericardial sac in chronic stable angina. C is incorrect as the pain is not due to irritation of cardiac nerve endings in the chest wall. D is incorrect as dilation of the coronary arteries does not cause pain in chronic stable angina; it is actually a compensatory mechanism to increase blood flow in response to decreased oxygen supply.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction. The nurse monitors the client knowing that the client is at risk for which acid-base disorder?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Metabolic alkalosis. Low suction can lead to excessive loss of gastric acid, causing metabolic alkalosis due to an increase in bicarbonate levels. This is because the body compensates for the loss of acid by retaining bicarbonate. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because low suction does not directly affect metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, or respiratory acidosis.