What is the main function of the corpus luteum in females?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The main function of the corpus luteum is to produce progesterone. After ovulation, the corpus luteum forms from the ruptured follicle and secretes progesterone to prepare the uterine lining for implantation. Progesterone also helps maintain the early stages of pregnancy. Estrogen is mainly produced by the follicles, not the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum does not stimulate ovulation; that is the role of the follicles. Supporting implantation is more related to the actions of progesterone rather than the corpus luteum itself.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Estrogen is the correct answer as it stimulates the growth of the uterine lining during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. It is produced by the developing ovarian follicles. Progesterone maintains the uterine lining in the second half of the cycle. FSH and LH are involved in follicle development and ovulation, respectively, but they do not directly stimulate uterine lining growth.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fallopian tube. The rationale is as follows: Sperm meets the egg in the fallopian tube during fertilization. The fallopian tube provides the ideal environment for fertilization to occur due to its structure and cilia movement that help transport the egg and sperm. The other options are incorrect because: A: Ovary is where the egg is produced but not where fertilization occurs. B: Cervix is the lower part of the uterus and allows passage of sperm into the uterus but not the site of fertilization. C: Uterus is where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus, but not where fertilization occurs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The cervix during pregnancy functions to prevent bacterial infection by forming a barrier between the uterus and the outside environment. This is crucial to protect the developing fetus from harmful bacteria. The other choices are incorrect because the cervix does not directly support fetal development, secrete estrogen, or store sperm during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Seminal vesicles. Seminal vesicles produce the fluid that nourishes and protects sperm. They contribute a significant portion of the volume of semen. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Epididymis stores and transports sperm, but does not produce nourishing fluid. B: Prostate gland secretes a thin, milky fluid that helps sperm mobility, but not the main nourishing fluid. D: Vas deferens transports sperm from the testes to the urethra, but does not produce nourishing fluid.