What is the main function of the corpus luteum?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure formed in the ovary after ovulation. It functions to produce both estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen helps in the growth and development of the endometrial lining, while progesterone maintains the uterine lining for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. The other choices are incorrect because the corpus luteum does not solely produce estrogen (choice A) or progesterone (choice B). Additionally, it does not produce hCG (choice D), which is mainly produced by the placenta during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: hCG. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the placenta after implantation, confirming pregnancy. Estrogen (A) and Progesterone (C) are important hormones in pregnancy but do not specifically confirm it. FSH (B) is Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, which is not directly related to pregnancy confirmation. hCG is the most reliable indicator of pregnancy as its levels rise significantly in early pregnancy, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stimulates uterine contractions. Oxytocin is a hormone released during childbirth that acts on the uterus to induce contractions, leading to the progression of labor. It plays a crucial role in facilitating the delivery of the baby. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Inhibiting uterine contractions would hinder the progress of labor. C: Oxytocin does not increase progesterone secretion; it primarily acts on the uterus. D: Oxytocin does not reduce fetal heart rate; instead, it helps in the expulsion of the baby by stimulating contractions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The corpus luteum is formed from the ruptured follicle after ovulation. It secretes progesterone to prepare the uterine lining for implantation and maintain pregnancy. This is essential for supporting early pregnancy until the placenta takes over progesterone production. Choices A and D are incorrect as the corpus luteum primarily produces progesterone, not estrogen or stimulates follicle development. Choice B is incorrect as the corpus luteum does not prevent ovulation but rather supports pregnancy post-ovulation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Testosterone is the correct answer because it is the primary male sex hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of the male reproductive system, including the development of male sex organs like the testes and penis. Estrogen (A) is the primary female sex hormone, not responsible for male reproductive system development. Progesterone (C) is involved in the female reproductive system and pregnancy, not in male development. FSH (D) is a follicle-stimulating hormone that plays a role in both male and female reproductive systems but is not responsible for the development of the male reproductive system specifically.