ATI RN
Adaptive Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the key immune cell involved in granuloma formation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Macrophages. Macrophages are key immune cells involved in granuloma formation. They play a crucial role in engulfing and processing pathogens or foreign particles, leading to the formation of granulomas as part of the body's immune response. Mast cells (A) are primarily involved in allergic reactions. Neutrophils (C) are important in the initial immune response to infections but are not typically associated with granuloma formation. Dendritic cells (D) are important in antigen presentation and activation of T cells, but they are not the primary immune cells involved in granuloma formation.
Question 2 of 5
What is the prevalence of sarcoidosis in Ireland?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Among the highest globally. Sarcoidosis prevalence in Ireland is relatively high compared to other regions. This is due to genetic factors, environmental influences, and possibly healthcare practices. Sarcoidosis rates vary worldwide, with Ireland being noted for its higher prevalence. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Ireland's sarcoidosis prevalence is not among the lowest globally, similar to the global average, or extremely rare.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client for signs and symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following would be consistent with this disorder? (Select one that does not apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Discoid rash on skin exposed to sunlight. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) commonly presents with a characteristic butterfly-shaped rash on the face, especially over the cheeks and nose, that worsens with sunlight exposure. The rash is not limited to skin exposed to sunlight. Choices B, C, and D are inconsistent with SLE. B: Urinalysis negative for casts and protein is not indicative of SLE, as renal involvement in SLE often presents with the presence of casts and protein in the urine. C: Painful, deformed small joints is more typical of rheumatoid arthritis, not SLE. D: Pain on inspiration is a symptom of pleurisy, which can occur in SLE but is not a defining feature.
Question 4 of 5
CD8+ T cells
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
APECED is a rare autoimmune disease caused by deficiency of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: AIRE. APECED (Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy) is caused by mutations in the AIRE gene. AIRE is responsible for regulating the expression of self-antigens in the thymus, crucial for the development of immune tolerance. Deficiency in AIRE leads to the production of autoantibodies and autoimmune manifestations. Incorrect options: A: CTLA-4 is involved in downregulating immune responses but is not directly linked to APECED. C: Tregs (regulatory T cells) play a role in immune tolerance, but APECED is not directly caused by their deficiency. D: TGF-β is a cytokine involved in immune regulation, but its deficiency does not lead to APECED.