What is the initial intervention for a patient with chest pain?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct initial intervention for a patient with chest pain is to administer aspirin. Aspirin helps reduce the risk of clot formation by inhibiting platelet aggregation, which can be beneficial in case the chest pain is due to a cardiac event. Administering nitroglycerin may follow aspirin administration to help relieve chest pain by dilating blood vessels. Providing pain relief is a general approach and may not address the underlying cause of chest pain. Preparing for surgery would not be the initial intervention for chest pain unless there are specific indications for immediate surgical intervention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to 'Assess the patient for injuries' when a patient experiences a fall. This is crucial to promptly identify any injuries and provide appropriate care. Calling for help may be necessary, but assessing the patient's condition takes precedence to ensure immediate attention to any injuries. Documenting the fall and notifying the healthcare provider would follow after the initial assessment and necessary actions have been taken.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The client with chemotherapy and a low neutrophil count is at risk for infection and requires prompt intervention. Reporting this information to the provider is crucial to ensure appropriate monitoring and management to prevent potential complications. Choices A, B, and C do not indicate an immediate risk that requires immediate provider notification. A client reporting pain with pleurisy, a client draining fluid post-surgery, or a client with a heart rate of 98 per minute postoperative are not urgent enough to warrant immediate reporting compared to the client at risk for infection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Kosher dietary laws require the separation of meat and dairy products. Choice A is incorrect because leavened bread is not eaten during Passover in Jewish dietary practices. Choice B is incorrect as shellfish is not considered kosher and is not consumed in Jewish dietary practices. Choice D is incorrect as fasting from meat does not occur during Hanukkah.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 14 mL/minute indicates severe kidney dysfunction. GFR measures how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood. When GFR drops below 15 mL/minute, it indicates end-stage renal disease (ESRD) where dialysis is required to remove waste and excess fluid from the body. This critical level of kidney function necessitates the initiation of hemodialysis to maintain the client's health and prevent complications of uremia. Option B, a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 16 mg/dL, is within the normal range (7-20 mg/dL) and does not directly indicate the need for hemodialysis. Similarly, options C and D, serum magnesium and phosphorus levels within normal ranges, do not serve as indicators for the initiation of hemodialysis in CKD. Educationally, understanding the significance of GFR levels in CKD management is crucial for nurses caring for clients with kidney disease. Recognizing the appropriate indications for hemodialysis helps nurses intervene in a timely manner, ensuring optimal patient outcomes and quality of life. This rationale underscores the importance of clinical judgment based on laboratory values in the comprehensive care of clients with chronic conditions like CKD.