What is the function of the Sertoli cells in the testes?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Support and nourish developing sperm. Sertoli cells provide physical and nutritional support to developing sperm cells, assisting in their maturation process. This function is crucial for sperm production and male fertility. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Sertoli cells do not produce testosterone (produced by Leydig cells), store sperm (done by the epididymis), or produce semen (seminal vesicles and prostate gland produce components of semen).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ovary. The ovary is responsible for the production of eggs through the process of ovulation. The other choices, B: Fallopian tube, C: Uterus, and D: Cervix, do not produce eggs. The fallopian tube is the site of fertilization, the uterus is where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus, and the cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Therefore, the ovary is the only part of the female reproductive system involved in the actual production of eggs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Progesterone. Progesterone is the hormone responsible for helping breast tissue prepare for milk production by stimulating the growth of milk-producing glands and promoting the development of ducts. Estrogen supports breast development but is not directly involved in milk production. Prolactin is the hormone that actually stimulates milk production after childbirth. Oxytocin is responsible for releasing milk from the breast during breastfeeding, but it does not help in the preparation of breast tissue for milk production. Therefore, Progesterone is the correct answer as it plays a crucial role in preparing the breast tissue for milk production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the placenta is to supply oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. It acts as a bridge between the mother and the fetus, allowing for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products. This is crucial for the growth and development of the fetus. The placenta does not secrete estrogen (choice A), as this is primarily produced by the ovaries. It also does not store fetal waste (choice C), as waste is eliminated through the mother's bloodstream. While the placenta does provide some protection against maternal infection (choice D), its main function is nutrient and oxygen exchange.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Estrogen regulates the menstrual cycle by promoting the growth of the uterine lining. It also triggers ovulation. This is a crucial function in female reproductive health. Other choices are incorrect because estrogen does not directly inhibit FSH release, support embryo implantation, or increase progesterone secretion. Estrogen's main role is in the menstrual cycle regulation.