What is the function of the acrosome in sperm?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The acrosome in sperm contains enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the outer layer of the egg during fertilization. This process is crucial for successful fertilization. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Energy for sperm comes from mitochondria, not the acrosome. C) Sperm are stored in the epididymis, not the acrosome. D) Genetic material is stored in the nucleus of the sperm cell, not the acrosome. Therefore, the correct answer is B as the acrosome's function is directly related to the penetration of the egg during fertilization.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Seminal vesicles. Seminal vesicles are responsible for producing seminal fluid, which makes up the majority of semen. They secrete a fluid rich in fructose and other nutrients to provide energy for sperm. The other choices are incorrect because the prostate gland produces a milky fluid that aids in sperm motility but is not the primary producer of seminal fluid. The epididymis stores and transports sperm, and the testes produce sperm cells through spermatogenesis, but neither of these structures is responsible for producing seminal fluid.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Progesterone levels rise after ovulation to prepare the uterus for pregnancy. Rationale: 1. Progesterone is primarily produced by the corpus luteum after ovulation. 2. Progesterone helps thicken the endometrial lining to support embryo implantation. 3. Rising progesterone levels inhibit further ovulation. 4. If pregnancy occurs, progesterone is vital for maintaining the uterine lining. Summary: A: Incorrect - Ovulation occurs in the middle of the cycle during the follicular phase. B: Incorrect - The follicular phase is characterized by follicle development, not endometrial lining growth. D: Incorrect - FSH levels are high at the beginning of the cycle to stimulate follicle development, but decrease after ovulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Prolactin is the hormone responsible for stimulating the production of breast milk after childbirth. It is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a key role in lactation. Estrogen and progesterone are involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy but not specifically in milk production. Oxytocin is responsible for milk ejection (letdown reflex) but not the production of milk itself. Therefore, the correct answer is C: Prolactin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fallopian tube. Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tube, where sperm meets the egg. The fallopian tube provides a suitable environment for fertilization to take place due to its proximity to the ovary, where ovulation occurs. Sperm travel through the fallopian tube to reach the egg, and once fertilization occurs, the resulting zygote then travels down to the uterus for implantation. Incorrect answers: A: Uterus - Fertilization does not occur in the uterus as it is the site for implantation of the fertilized egg. B: Ovary - Ovulation occurs in the ovary, but fertilization usually takes place in the fallopian tube. D: Cervix - The cervix serves as the entrance to the uterus and does not play a role in fertilization.