What is the function of bile in digestion?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Emulsify fats. Bile emulsifies fats by breaking them down into smaller droplets, increasing the surface area for enzymes to work on, aiding in the digestion and absorption of fats. Choices B and C are incorrect as bile specifically targets fats, not proteins or carbohydrates. Choice D is incorrect as bile plays a crucial role in fat digestion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Palpate the abdomen for rebound tenderness. This action is essential to assess for signs of possible appendicitis, a common cause of right lower quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Rebound tenderness is a classic sign of peritoneal irritation and can indicate an inflamed appendix. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Assisting the patient to cough and deep breath is not a priority in this situation and does not provide relevant information about the cause of the abdominal pain. D: Suggesting the patient lie on the side, flexing the right leg, may help alleviate some discomfort but does not provide diagnostic information about the underlying cause of the symptoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Keep the head of your bed elevated on blocks. Elevating the head of the bed can help prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus during sleep, reducing nighttime symptoms of GERD. This position helps gravity keep the acid in the stomach. A: Peppermint tea may actually worsen GERD symptoms as it can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing acid to reflux back into the esophagus. C: Avoiding eating between meals will not reduce acid secretion and may even lead to larger meals, which can trigger reflux symptoms. D: Vigorous physical activities can worsen GERD symptoms by increasing intra-abdominal pressure, pushing stomach contents back up into the esophagus. In summary, the correct answer is B because it directly addresses a practical measure to alleviate GERD symptoms during sleep, while the other choices do not effectively manage the condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: chief cells. Chief cells are responsible for secreting gastric enzymes, such as pepsinogen, in the stomach. These enzymes play a crucial role in breaking down proteins during digestion. Goblet cells (B) secrete mucus, parietal cells (C) secrete hydrochloric acid, and oxyntic cells (D) are another term for parietal cells. Therefore, the correct choice is A as chief cells specifically produce gastric enzymes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: liver. The liver produces and secretes bile which helps in the digestion of fats. B: gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. C: pancreas secretes digestive enzymes but not bile. D: duodenum is the first part of the small intestine where bile is released to aid in digestion.