Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The first step in the qualitative research process is typically conducting a review of existing literature on the topic of interest. This involves exploring existing research studies, theories, and findings related to the area being studied. By reviewing the literature, researchers can gain a better understanding of the current knowledge and identify gaps in the existing research that their study can address. This step helps researchers define the research question, refine the study design, and establish a strong theoretical framework for the study.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Negligence is the failure to take proper care in doing something, which results in harm or injury to someone else. In this scenario, the client falling out of bed because side rails were not used indicates a lack of proper care or attention by the staff or caregiver responsible for the client. It shows a failure to protect the client from harm, which aligns with the definition of negligence. This situation does not fit the definitions of a felony, battery, or assault.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate response by the nurse is, "If I were you, I will get a second opinion." This response acknowledges the seriousness of the situation and the life-changing decision the patient has been told to make. Suggesting the patient seek a second opinion is essential as it encourages the patient to explore all options and ensures they have considered all possibilities before proceeding with a major surgery like an above-the-knee amputation. It shows the nurse's support for the patient while also advocating for the patient's right to make an informed decision about their healthcare.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The sensation of feeling "heavy" in the perineal area postpartum is a common concern due to the stretching and potential trauma to the perineal muscles during childbirth. Kegel exercises are specifically designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which can help alleviate this sensation of heaviness. By encouraging the client to perform Kegel exercises regularly, the nurse is promoting the restoration and strengthening of the perineal muscles, ultimately helping the client feel more comfortable and supported in that area. This education empowers the client to take an active role in their own recovery and promotes optimal healing postpartum.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is the most likely cause of the symptoms described in the pregnant woman. PID is an infection of the female reproductive organs, typically caused by sexually transmitted bacteria like Chlamydia or Gonorrhea. The classic presentation includes lower abdominal pain, fever, vaginal discharge, cervical motion tenderness, and bilateral adnexal tenderness on examination. This condition can lead to serious complications if not promptly treated, including infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. Therefore, it is crucial to diagnose and manage PID promptly, especially in pregnant women, to prevent adverse outcomes.