Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer bronchodilators. The first step in managing an asthma attack is to address the underlying cause, which is airway constriction. Bronchodilators help relax the muscles around the airways, making it easier for the client to breathe. Providing oxygen therapy (B) can be helpful but addressing airway constriction is the priority. Administering analgesics (C) or pain medication (D) is not appropriate as asthma attacks are not typically associated with pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the amount of alcohol that is safe during pregnancy is unknown. It is recommended to avoid alcohol completely to prevent any potential harm to the developing fetus. B is incorrect because there is no known safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy. C is incorrect as any amount of alcohol can potentially harm the fetus. D is incorrect as using alcohol to relax during pregnancy is not recommended due to the associated risks.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because an ethnic group is defined by shared heritage, culture, language, and/or religion. This definition encompasses a wider range of factors that contribute to the identity of a group of people. Choice A is too limited as history alone does not define an ethnic group. Choice C is incorrect because ethnicity is not solely based on race or national origins. Choice D is also incorrect because relatedness and religious affiliations alone do not encompass the full scope of what defines an ethnic group.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply an airtight dressing. This is the first priority because it helps prevent air from entering the chest cavity, which can cause a tension pneumothorax. A tension pneumothorax can rapidly lead to respiratory distress and cardiac arrest. Applying an airtight dressing helps stabilize the condition until further medical intervention can be provided. Incorrect choices: A: Performing needle decompression is not the first priority as it is indicated for a tension pneumothorax once it has developed, not as a preventive measure. B: Applying a sterile dressing is important but not the first priority when dealing with a gunshot wound to the chest as sealing the wound to prevent air entry is more critical. D: Monitoring the client's ECG is not the first priority in this situation as addressing the potential tension pneumothorax takes precedence over monitoring the client's heart rhythm.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: decrease maternal fluids. When fetal distress is indicated, decreasing maternal fluids helps prevent further stress on the fetus by reducing the volume of amniotic fluid. This can help improve blood flow to the placenta and oxygen delivery to the baby. Increasing maternal fluids (choice A) can worsen the situation by potentially increasing amniotic fluid volume and further compromising fetal oxygenation. Administering oxygen (choice B) is important to improve oxygen supply to the fetus. Turning the mother (choice D) can help relieve pressure on the baby but is not the primary action when fetal distress is indicated.