What is the evaluation of medication effectiveness of senna?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Senna is a stimulant laxative commonly used to treat constipation. Its effectiveness is primarily evaluated based on the production of soft, well-formed bowel movements. Senna works by stimulating the muscles in the intestines, promoting bowel movements and easing constipation. It is not typically used for reducing GI pain and irritation, healing ulcers, or preventing nausea and vomiting. Therefore, the evaluation of medication effectiveness of senna is primarily based on achieving soft, formed bowel movements in patients with constipation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Senna is a natural laxative commonly used to relieve constipation. Its primary mechanism of action is to stimulate the muscles in the intestines, leading to increased contractions and bowel movements. The evaluation of medication effectiveness for senna would typically focus on its ability to promote bowel movements and alleviate constipation. This would manifest as patients experiencing solid, formed bowel movements after taking senna. The options of decreased GI pain and irritation, healing of ulcers, and prevention of nausea and vomiting are not the primary expected outcomes when evaluating the effectiveness of senna as a medication for constipation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When giving the drug Phenytoin, monitoring urinary pH is important because Phenytoin is known to be excreted by the kidneys. Changes in urinary pH can affect the concentration of Phenytoin in the body. Alkaline urine can increase the excretion of Phenytoin, potentially leading to subtherapeutic levels, while acidic urine can decrease excretion, potentially leading to toxic levels of the drug. Therefore, monitoring urinary pH helps ensure that Phenytoin levels are within the therapeutic range, minimizing the risk of either subtherapeutic or toxic effects. Monitoring for signs of toxicity, such as ataxia, nystagmus, and confusion, is also essential when administering Phenytoin.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: "Analgesic, Antipyretic" describes the pharmacologic class of the drug, indicating that it has pain-relieving (analgesic) and fever-reducing (antipyretic) properties. Pharmacologic class refers to the category or group of medications that have similar pharmacological effects or act on the body in a similar way. In this case, the drug is categorized as an analgesic and antipyretic, which defines its primary therapeutic actions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A concentrated solution of sugar in water is known as a syrup. Syrup is commonly used in cooking and baking to add sweetness and moisture to various dishes. It is created by dissolving sugar in water over heat until a thick, sweet liquid is formed. Syrups are often used in beverages, desserts, and even as a sweetener for certain medications.