What is the evaluation of medication e昀昀ectiveness of senna?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Senna is a natural laxative commonly used to relieve constipation. Its primary mechanism of action is to stimulate the muscles in the intestines, leading to increased contractions and bowel movements. The evaluation of medication effectiveness for senna would typically focus on its ability to promote bowel movements and alleviate constipation. This would manifest as patients experiencing solid, formed bowel movements after taking senna. The options of decreased GI pain and irritation, healing of ulcers, and prevention of nausea and vomiting are not the primary expected outcomes when evaluating the effectiveness of senna as a medication for constipation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Mucositis, inflammation of the mucous membranes, is a common side effect of chemotherapy. Using alcohol-based mouthwash can exacerbate mucositis by causing further irritation and dryness. The patient should be taught to use gentle, non-alcoholic mouth rinses, such as saline or baking soda solutions, to soothe the mucosa. Ice pops, ice chips, and a soft toothbrush are appropriate measures to manage mucositis. The nurse should provide additional teaching to correct the misconception about alcohol-based mouthwash and emphasize the importance of gentle oral care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Senna is a stimulant laxative commonly used to treat constipation. Its effectiveness is primarily evaluated based on the production of soft, well-formed bowel movements. Senna works by stimulating the muscles in the intestines, promoting bowel movements and easing constipation. It is not typically used for reducing GI pain and irritation, healing ulcers, or preventing nausea and vomiting. Therefore, the evaluation of medication effectiveness of senna is primarily based on achieving soft, formed bowel movements in patients with constipation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: "Analgesic, Antipyretic" describes the pharmacologic class of the drug, indicating that it has pain-relieving (analgesic) and fever-reducing (antipyretic) properties. Pharmacologic class refers to the category or group of medications that have similar pharmacological effects or act on the body in a similar way. In this case, the drug is categorized as an analgesic and antipyretic, which defines its primary therapeutic actions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Acetaminophen is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic, but excessive doses can lead to severe liver damage. The maximum recommended daily dose for adults is 4 grams (4000 mg). Exceeding this limit increases the risk of hepatotoxicity, which can be life-threatening. Nurses should educate patients about the importance of adhering to the recommended dosage and checking the acetaminophen content in over-the-counter medications to avoid accidental overdose. This teaching is critical for patient safety and preventing adverse outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this situation, the nurse's first priority should be to apply pressure to the site with a gauze pad. Bleeding from the antecubital area where venous lab work was drawn can be due to the effect of the thrombolytic drug, particularly in a patient who is already at risk for bleeding due to the acute MI. Applying pressure to the site will help control the bleeding and prevent any further complications. Once the bleeding is controlled, the nurse should monitor the site closely for any signs of increased bleeding or other complications. Slowing the rate of infusion or stopping the infusion of the thrombolytic drug may be considered depending on the severity of the bleeding and the patient's overall condition, but the immediate response should be to apply pressure to the site.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Amiodarone is the drug of choice for treating severe ventricular dysrhythmias, such as those seen in patients with acute myocardial infarction. It is effective in treating both ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. Amiodarone works by prolonging the action potential duration and refractory period in cardiac tissues, thereby helping to stabilize the heart's electrical activity. Diltiazem and Verapamil are calcium channel blockers that are not typically used for treating ventricular dysrhythmias. Adenosine is primarily used for treating supraventricular tachycardias.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: 1. INR (International Normalized Ratio): INR is the primary test used to monitor the effectiveness of Warfarin therapy. It measures the clotting tendency of the patient's blood in relation to a standard measurement. The INR target range for patients on Warfarin therapy varies depending on the reason for treatment, but typically falls between 2.0 to 3.0.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart failure and certain types of irregular heartbeats. Its therapeutic effect includes increasing cardiac output, which helps improve the function of the heart. Digoxin also has the ability to slow down the heart rate, making it particularly beneficial for patients with conditions like atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. Therefore, among the options provided, Digoxin is the drug that has a therapeutic effect of increasing cardiac output and slowing heart rate.