ATI RN
NCLEX Questions on Oxygenation and Perfusion Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the electronic configuration of oxygen?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) 1s² 2s² 2p⁴´ for the electronic configuration of oxygen. In this configuration, oxygen has 8 electrons distributed across its energy levels. Oxygen has 8 total electrons, with 2 in the first energy level (1s²) and 6 in the second energy level (2s² 2p⁴´). Option B) 1s² 2s² 2p² is incorrect because it does not account for all 8 electrons of oxygen. Option C) 1s² 2s² 2p⁴¶ is incorrect as it incorrectly represents the electron configuration of oxygen, missing the superscript 4 in the p orbital. Option D) 1s² 2s² 2p⁴³ is incorrect as it also does not accurately represent the electron configuration of oxygen. Understanding the electronic configuration of elements is crucial in chemistry and biochemistry, as it helps explain the behavior of atoms in chemical reactions and their bonding patterns. Knowing the correct electron configuration of oxygen is foundational in understanding its role in biological processes like respiration and the transport of oxygen in the body. This knowledge is essential for healthcare professionals, especially when dealing with oxygenation and perfusion concepts in patient care scenarios, making it a relevant topic for the NCLEX exam.
Question 2 of 5
What should the nurse teach a child about using an albuterol metered-dose inhaler for exercise-induced asthma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of managing exercise-induced asthma in children, it is crucial to administer albuterol inhaler 30 minutes before exercise because it helps to prevent bronchospasm triggered by physical activity. By using the inhaler before exercise, the child's airways are dilated, allowing for easier breathing during physical exertion. This timing ensures that the medication is at its peak effectiveness when the child engages in the activity that could potentially trigger an asthma attack. Option A is incorrect because taking two puffs every 6 hours around the clock is not specific to exercise-induced asthma and may lead to overmedication. Option B is incorrect because waiting until the child is short of breath to use the inhaler is reactive rather than proactive in managing exercise-induced bronchospasm. Option D is incorrect as taking one to two puffs every morning upon awakening does not specifically address the need for pre-exercise use to prevent asthma symptoms during physical activity. Educationally, it is important to emphasize the timing of medication administration in relation to exercise to optimize its effectiveness and prevent asthma exacerbations. Teaching children and caregivers the correct timing and purpose of using the albuterol inhaler can empower them to manage exercise-induced asthma effectively and participate in physical activities safely.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for four clients. Which one would the nurse see first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should see the hypertensive client with a blood pressure of 188/92 mm Hg first because this reading indicates severe hypertension, which poses an immediate risk of complications such as stroke, heart attack, or organ damage. Addressing this client's condition promptly is crucial to prevent potential life-threatening events. Option A is incorrect because although the client needs a beta blocker and has a low blood pressure of 98/58 mm Hg, it is not as immediately concerning as severe hypertension. Option B is incorrect as the client who had a first dose of captopril and needs to use the bathroom can wait briefly. Option D is incorrect because although pain management is important, it is not as urgent as addressing a severe hypertensive crisis. From an educational standpoint, this question emphasizes the importance of prioritizing client care based on the urgency of the situation. It highlights the critical nature of managing severe hypertension promptly to prevent serious complications, showcasing the significance of timely assessment and intervention in nursing practice.
Question 4 of 5
The charge nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse conduct an admission assessment on a client with asthma. Which action by the newly licensed nurse requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, option B requires immediate intervention because the newly licensed nurse is observed continuing to ask the client questions while the client is showing signs of respiratory distress. This delays necessary care and assessment of the client's breathing status, potentially putting the client at risk for further complications or deterioration. Option A, obtaining a pulse oximetry reading after the client used an albuterol inhaler, is not an immediate concern as it is important to assess the client's oxygen saturation levels to monitor response to treatment. Option C, assessing the client's thoracic wall, skin, and nail beds, is an appropriate action to evaluate respiratory status and oxygenation. Option D, auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope, is also a vital component of assessing a client with asthma to determine if there are any abnormalities in lung sounds. Educationally, this scenario highlights the importance of prioritizing actions during assessments, especially in clients with respiratory conditions like asthma where prompt intervention is crucial. It underscores the significance of recognizing signs of distress and acting promptly to ensure client safety and well-being.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is planning care for a young adolescent client diagnosed with asthma. Which evidence-based age-appropriate interventions will the nurse include in the plan of care? Select one that doesn't apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer, option B, is teaching the parents how to administer maintenance medication prior to teaching the client directly. This is the right choice because parents play a crucial role in managing asthma in young adolescents, especially when it comes to administering medications correctly and ensuring compliance. Option A, referring to a peer-led support group, is not the most appropriate intervention for a young adolescent with asthma. While peer support is valuable, in the case of asthma management, ensuring that the parents are well-informed and capable of providing proper care is more critical. Option C, assessing peer support when planning care, is a valuable intervention as adolescents often rely on peer relationships for support. However, in the context of asthma management, ensuring that the primary caregivers are well-educated and capable of managing the condition is more essential. Option D, collaborating with teachers for support in the school setting, is also an important intervention for adolescents with asthma. It helps create a supportive environment and ensures that the school is equipped to handle any asthma-related emergencies. However, this intervention does not take precedence over ensuring that parents are fully educated on asthma management. In an educational context, understanding the hierarchy of interventions based on the specific needs of the client is crucial. In this case, prioritizing parental education on medication administration aligns with evidence-based practice and ensures optimal care for the young adolescent with asthma.