ATI RN
Urinary System Mcq Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the difference between the glomerular filtrate and the plasma?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glomerular filtrate has much less protein than plasma filtration membrane (e.g., podocytes, basement) excludes large proteins (e.g., albumin), unlike plasma's ~7 g/dL. Glucose is present reabsorbed later. Sodium levels are similar freely filtered. More proteins would defy filtration incorrect. Lower protein content distinguishes it, key to filtrate's composition, unlike glucose or sodium errors.
Question 2 of 5
What characterizes denervation of both afferent and efferent supply to the urinary bladder?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Afferent/efferent denervation (e.g., cauda equina injury) causes a hypertonic, spasmatic bladder intrinsic smooth muscle overacts, periodic uncontrolled micturition. Sensation loss alone is afferent tonic. Normal reflex needs nerves false. Increased sensation contradicts denervation. Hypertonicity distinguishes it, key to dual nerve loss, unlike single or intact scenarios.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following changes tends to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased glomerular capillary filtration coefficient (Kf) boosts GFR enhances filtration surface/permeability (e.g., Starling forces). Afferent resistance increase lowers flow drops GFR. Efferent resistance decrease reduces pressure lowers GFR. Capsular pressure increase opposes decreases GFR. Kf's enhancement distinguishes it, critical for filtration capacity, unlike resistance or pressure shifts.
Question 4 of 5
When the urinary bladder becomes stretched, there's an increase in the frequency of action potentials traveling from?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bladder stretch increases action potentials from bladder to sacral region afferent nerves signal fullness (e.g., micturition reflex). Parasympathetic is efferent response, not trigger. Somatic motor controls sphincter not stretch. Ascending paths inform brain secondary. Afferent signaling distinguishes it, key to reflex initiation, unlike efferent or higher pathways.
Question 5 of 5
8-15% of water reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubule needs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 8-15% water reabsorption in the distal tubule requires ADH inserts aquaporins (e.g., facultative reabsorption). Aldosterone targets Na indirect water. Angiotensin II constricts GFR effect. Combined misaligns ADH drives water. ADH's role distinguishes it, critical for distal water control, unlike sodium or vascular factors.