ATI RN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the definition of afterload?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Afterload (A) is the pressure (e.g., aortic pressure) ventricles overcome to eject blood. B is preload, C is contractility, D is atrial unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
Identify the structure found in a fetus that allows blood to flow directly from the pulmonary trunk into the aorta.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta in the fetus, bypassing the lungs. Fossa ovalis (A) and foramen ovale (B) are atrial structures, trabeculae (C) are ventricular ridges.
Question 3 of 5
Which part of the brain contains the cardiovascular center that regulates heart rate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The medulla oblongata (C) houses the cardiovascular center, regulating heart rate via autonomic nerves. Midbrain (A), cerebrum (B), and cerebellum (D) have other roles.
Question 4 of 5
The greatest resistance to blood flow occurs in the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Arterioles (B) offer the greatest resistance due to their small diameter and muscle control (Poiseuille’s law).
Question 5 of 5
This area in the pericardium contains fluid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pericardial cavity (A) between the visceral and parietal pericardium contains fluid to reduce friction. Other options are heart layers.