ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Assessment 2 Questions
Question 1 of 9
What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct definition for absorption of a drug is the movement of a drug from the site of administration (e.g., mouth, skin, injection site) into the bloodstream and then to various tissues of the body. This process is a critical step in the pharmacokinetics of a drug, as it determines the rate and extent to which the drug reaches its target site of action. Absorption can be affected by various factors such as the route of administration, drug formulation, and physiological factors of the individual.
Question 2 of 9
A patient with a history of pancreatitis and cirrhosis is also being treated for hypertension. Which drug will most likely be ordered for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Given the patient's medical history of pancreatitis and cirrhosis, both conditions can affect the functioning of the liver and potentially interact with medications that are metabolized by the liver. Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, which is often a preferred choice for patients with liver disease as it has minimal hepatic metabolism. This decreased reliance on hepatic metabolism makes captopril a safer choice for this patient compared to other antihypertensive medications that may cause liver-related complications. Additionally, ACE inhibitors like captopril are commonly used in patients with hypertension to help reduce blood pressure and protect against further complications related to cardiovascular health.
Question 3 of 9
A patient is receiving tetracycline. Which advice should the nurse include when teaching this patient about tetracycline?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tetracycline can cause photosensitivity, increasing the risk of severe sunburn. Patients should be advised to use sunscreen and avoid prolonged sun exposure. Taking antacids with tetracycline is contraindicated, as they can bind to the drug and reduce its absorption. Hearing loss and retinal damage are not associated with tetracycline use. Instead, patients should be monitored for gastrointestinal side effects and advised to take the medication with food if tolerated.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse will be administering an antitussive medication containing codeine to a patient. What is the priority assessment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Codeine, an opioid antitussive, can cause respiratory depression as a side effect. The nurse must assess the patient’s respiratory rate before administration to ensure it is within a safe range (typically >12 breaths per minute). While lung sounds (B) and sputum consistency (D) are important, they are not the priority when administering a medication that can suppress respiration. Pulse oximetry (A) is useful but secondary to direct respiratory rate assessment.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the following is an action of the drug Metformin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. One of the main actions of Metformin is to decrease hepatic glucose production by suppressing gluconeogenesis in the liver. By reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver, Metformin helps lower blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. This action helps improve insulin sensitivity and overall glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. The other options provided in the question do not describe the primary mechanism of action of Metformin.
Question 6 of 9
The patient has been depressed, and the physician plans to begin treatment with an antidepressant medication. In performing the initial assessment, what is the most important question for the nurse to ask?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Suicide risk is critical in depression-antidepressants may increase it early (e.g., energy before mood lifts), per black box warnings. Alcohol use, allergies, and duration matter but aren't immediate life threats. Suicidal thoughts guide urgent intervention, per psychiatric priority.
Question 7 of 9
After a severe auto accident, a patient has been taken to the trauma unit and has an estimated
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Packed red blood cells (PRBCs) are the most appropriate product to administer after a severe auto accident when there is significant blood loss and anemia. PRBCs are used to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and improve tissue oxygenation. They are specifically designed to deliver red blood cells without the unnecessary components found in whole blood. This targeted approach helps to avoid volume overload and reduce the risk of complications such as transfusion reactions. In a trauma situation where there is active bleeding and a need to rapidly restore oxygen-carrying capacity, PRBCs are the preferred blood product.
Question 8 of 9
When applying transdermal nitroglycerin patches, which instruction by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rotating the application sites of transdermal nitroglycerin patches is important to prevent skin irritation and tolerance development. By changing the site with each dose, the nurse ensures proper absorption of the medication and reduces the risk of skin reactions. It is not recommended to always apply the patch to the same site, as this can lead to localized skin irritation. It is also important to avoid using areas with a lot of hair or bony prominences, as well as to avoid areas with scars or skin folds. Rotation of application sites helps maintain the effectiveness of the nitroglycerin patch therapy.
Question 9 of 9
The classi昀椀cation of digoxin is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Digoxin belongs to the class of drugs known as cardiac glycosides. Cardiac glycosides are a group of compounds derived from plants and some animals that have the ability to increase the contractility of the heart muscle. Digoxin is commonly used to treat conditions such as congestive heart failure and irregular heart rhythms. It works by inhibiting the sodium-potassium pump in heart muscle cells, leading to an increase in intracellular calcium levels and subsequently improving the heart's pumping ability.