ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Study Guide Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the classification for the drug valproate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valproate is classified as an anti-convulsant medication. It is commonly used to treat seizures, particularly in the management of epilepsy. Valproate works by affecting certain chemicals in the brain to control seizures and stabilize mood in some psychiatric conditions. It is not classified as an anti-diabetic, anti-ulcer agent, or anti-hypertensive medication.
Question 2 of 5
A patient tells the nurse that he likes to eat large amounts of garlic to help lower his cholesterol levels naturally. The nurse reviews his medication history and notes that which drug has a potential interaction with the garlic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Garlic is known to have antiplatelet and anticoagulant properties. When taken in large amounts, garlic can enhance the effects of anticoagulant medications like warfarin (Coumadin), which can increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore, it is crucial for patients on warfarin therapy to avoid consuming excessive amounts of garlic or garlic supplements to prevent potential interactions and complications.
Question 3 of 5
A client calls the nurse help-line and says, 'My friend and I have been swimming and drinking beer all day and he took a couple of swigs of Robitussin DM (dextromethorphan) about 15 minutes ago. Now he is acting funny and seeing things.' What should the nurse consider when formulating a response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dextromethorphan with alcohol causes dizziness and hallucinations , guiding the nurse to advise medical help. Dialysis , opioid status , and addiction are incorrect. D informs the response, making it key.
Question 4 of 5
A client with bell's palsy tells the nurse that acetaminophen (Tylenol) is taken daily as prescribed by the physician. Which laboratory value would indicate a toxicity of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is primarily metabolized in the liver. Hepatotoxicity is a serious potential side effect of acetaminophen overdose or excessive use. One of the markers for liver damage due to acetaminophen toxicity is an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. Normal BUN levels range from 7 to 20 mg/dl, and a level of 60 mg/dl indicates kidney dysfunction, which can result from liver damage caused by acetaminophen toxicity. Therefore, an elevated BUN level would indicate a toxicity of acetaminophen in this client with Bell's palsy who is taking acetaminophen daily. The other laboratory values mentioned are not specific markers for acetaminophen toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient. The nurse will anticipate administering which medication to this patient to help prevent thrombus formation caused by slow venous blood flow?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is commonly administered to postoperative patients to help prevent thrombus formation caused by slow venous blood flow. LMWH works by inhibiting the activity of certain clotting factors, ultimately preventing the formation of blood clots. As a result, it is often used in the prevention and treatment of conditions such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in surgical patients. LMWH is preferred over traditional heparin due to its longer half-life, allowing for once or twice daily dosing, and reduced risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).