What is the cause of most common cause of death in pts with CRF?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cardiac causes top CRF deaths accelerated atherosclerosis, fluid overload (e.g., CHF) from uremia, outstrip sepsis (immunosuppression), CVA (stroke), and malignancy (late risk). Cardiac predominance distinguishes it, key to CRF mortality, unlike infection or other complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Beta-blockers don't cause retention may relax detrusor (e.g., opposite alpha-agonists), unlike methamphetamines/ephedrine (sympathomimetic, sphincter tone) and cogentin (anticholinergic, detrusor inhibition). Lack of retention distinguishes beta-blockers, key to drug effects, unlike obstructive agents.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells secrete renin, not mesangial (support), phagocytic, lacis (extraglomerular), or Na-sensitive (macula densa). This identifies JG cells' role in RAAS, critical for blood pressure regulation, contrasting with other glomerular components' functions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Proteus causes UTI, is urease positive, and swarms, but is Gram-negative not Gram-positive. This corrects bacteriology, key for infection treatment, contrasting with Gram-positive misidentification.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nosocomial UTIs involve Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Enterococcus not S. saprophyticus (community-acquired). This distinguishes hospital pathogens, key for infection control, contrasting with outpatient bacteria.