ATI RN
jarvis health assessment test bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
What is the BMI of a client weighing 216 pounds with a height of 66 inches?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, BMI indicates obesity (35). To calculate BMI, we use the formula BMI = (Weight in pounds / (Height in inches x Height in inches)) x 703. Plugging in the values (216 / (66 x 66)) x 703, we get a BMI of approximately 35. A BMI of 35 falls within the obesity category (BMI 30 or higher). Choice A is incorrect because a BMI of 35 is not within normal limits. Choice B is incorrect as a BMI of 27 would indicate overweight status, not obesity. Choice D is incorrect as the BMI calculated is higher than normal, not lower.
Question 2 of 9
What is the most appropriate intervention for a client with severe nausea and vomiting after surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer antiemetics. This intervention helps to reduce nausea and vomiting by blocking the neurotransmitters responsible for triggering these symptoms. Administering antiemetics is the most direct and effective approach to address severe nausea and vomiting post-surgery. Choice B (Placing the client in a supine position) is incorrect because it does not directly address the underlying cause of nausea and vomiting. Choice C (Providing hydration) is important but may not alleviate the symptoms of severe nausea and vomiting. Choice D (Monitoring bowel sounds) is important for assessing gastrointestinal motility but does not directly address the immediate symptoms of nausea and vomiting.
Question 3 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse should prioritize which of the following assessments?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Breath sounds and oxygen saturation. In COPD, monitoring respiratory status is crucial due to impaired gas exchange. Assessing breath sounds helps identify any adventitious sounds like wheezing or crackles, indicating respiratory distress. Oxygen saturation reflects oxygenation status, vital for patients with COPD prone to hypoxemia. Nutritional intake and weight (B), bowel sounds and abdominal girth (C), and urine output and skin integrity (D) are important but secondary assessments in this case. Nutritional status and weight are important for overall health, bowel sounds and abdominal girth are related to gastrointestinal function, and urine output and skin integrity are indicators of hydration and overall skin health, respectively. However, in a patient with COPD, the priority is ensuring adequate oxygenation and respiratory function.
Question 4 of 9
In recording the childhood illnesses of a patient, who denies having had any, which of the following notes by the nurse would be most accurate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it provides a thorough list of specific childhood illnesses and confirms the patient's denial of having had them. This approach ensures comprehensive documentation and accuracy. Choice A is vague and lacks specificity, potentially leading to misunderstandings. Choice B focuses on the patient's perception of their health rather than actual illnesses. Choice C mentions the patient's sister and measles, which is irrelevant to the patient's own medical history. Overall, choice D is the most accurate and relevant option for documenting the patient's childhood illnesses.
Question 5 of 9
A patient is admitted after an automobile accident. The nurse begins the mental health examination and finds that the patient's speech is dysarthric and that she is lethargic. The nurse's best approach in this situation is to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct approach is to defer the rest of the mental health examination. This is because the patient's symptoms of dysarthria and lethargy indicate a potential medical emergency or brain injury, which should take precedence over the mental health assessment. It is important to first ensure the patient's physical well-being before proceeding with the mental health evaluation. Choice B is incorrect as skipping the language portion of the examination may overlook crucial information related to the patient's condition. Choice C is also incorrect as an in-depth speech evaluation may delay necessary medical interventions. Choice D is incorrect as assuming dysarthria is always linked to severe depression can lead to overlooking urgent medical needs.
Question 6 of 9
What is the most appropriate nursing intervention for a client with acute pain after surgery?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encourage fluid intake. Adequate hydration helps in pain management by promoting circulation and reducing inflammation. Opioids (choice A) should only be used if non-pharmacological interventions fail. Administering oxygen (choice C) is not typically indicated for pain management. Monitoring electrolyte levels (choice D) is important but not the most immediate intervention for acute pain post-surgery.
Question 7 of 9
What is the primary purpose of a functional assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a functional assessment primarily focuses on evaluating an individual's health patterns, including their roles and relationships in daily life. This comprehensive approach helps healthcare professionals understand the impact of health on a person's overall well-being and quality of life. Choice B is incorrect because a functional assessment does not specifically cover life-threatening conditions; it is more holistic in nature. Choice C is incorrect as a functional assessment does not prioritize a single health issue but considers multiple aspects of a person's functioning. Choice D is incorrect because although vital sign abnormalities may be part of the assessment, they are not the primary purpose of a functional assessment.
Question 8 of 9
What is the priority intervention when a client is experiencing respiratory distress?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer bronchodilators. When a client is experiencing respiratory distress, the priority intervention is to open up the airways to improve breathing. Bronchodilators help relax and widen the airways, making it easier for the client to breathe. This intervention addresses the immediate need for improved respiratory function. Administering corticosteroids (choices B and C) may be beneficial in some cases but is not the priority in acute respiratory distress. Monitoring respiratory rate (choice D) is important but does not directly address the underlying issue of airway constriction in respiratory distress.
Question 9 of 9
When using the mnemonic PQRSTU to help remember all the points of a patient's perception of his or her problem, what does the "S" signify?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Severity. In the PQRSTU mnemonic, "S" stands for Severity, which refers to the intensity or seriousness of the symptoms experienced by the patient. This is crucial in assessing the impact of the problem on the patient's health and well-being. Incorrect choices: A: Swelling - Swelling is a physical symptom and does not encompass all aspects of the patient's perception. B: Subjectivity - While the patient's subjective experience is important, it does not specifically refer to severity. D: Symptoms - While symptoms are part of the patient's perception, the "S" in PQRSTU specifically focuses on the severity of those symptoms.