What is the best position to measure the leg circumference of a client with bipedal edema?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When measuring the leg circumference of a client with bipedal edema, the best position to ensure accurate and consistent measurements is the dorsal recumbent position. This position allows the legs to be comfortably positioned, with the individual lying on their back and legs extended. This facilitates accurate measurement of the circumference without the influence of gravity. Sitting and standing positions may not provide optimal conditions for accurate leg circumference measurements as they may not allow the legs to be fully extended. The supine position, although similar to dorsal recumbent, may not provide the same level of comfort and accuracy in leg circumference measurement for a client with bipedal edema.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Ferrous sulfate should be taken on an empty stomach to improve absorption. Choice A is incorrect as taking the medication with a full glass of milk would impair iron absorption. Choices B, C, and D are all correct statements regarding the administration of ferrous sulfate. Choice B ensures proper timing before breakfast, choice C highlights avoiding coffee due to interference with iron absorption, and choice D correctly suggests taking antacids a few hours after ferrous sulfate to prevent potential interactions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stomach irritation and bleeding. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause stomach irritation and bleeding due to their effects on gastric mucosa. Stomatitis and esophagitis (Choice B) are not typically associated with NSAID use. While NSAIDs may affect renal function, leading to fluid retention and edema, they do not directly cause increased potassium excretion (Choice D). Impaired folate absorption (Choice C) is not a common side effect of NSAIDs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and understanding dietary considerations for individuals with celiac disease, the correct answer is A) Rice. Rice is a gluten-free grain, making it safe for consumption by individuals with celiac disease, as gluten triggers an immune response in their bodies. Rye, wheat, and barley contain gluten, which is harmful to individuals with celiac disease as it can damage their small intestine and hinder nutrient absorption. Therefore, options B) Rye, C) Wheat, and D) Barley are not acceptable for someone with celiac disease. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of pharmacology students understanding not only medication interactions but also dietary considerations for various health conditions. Knowing which grains are safe and which ones to avoid for individuals with celiac disease is crucial for providing comprehensive care and ensuring patient safety and well-being. This knowledge can help pharmacology students in counseling patients on proper dietary choices to manage their condition effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hepatic encephalopathy is caused by the buildup of ammonia in the body, not urea. Ammonia accumulates due to liver dysfunction, leading to neurological symptoms. Fatty infiltration of the liver may lead to conditions like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but it is not the direct cause of hepatic encephalopathy. Jaundice is a symptom of liver dysfunction but is not the primary cause of hepatic encephalopathy.