What is the best description of the history of gynecologic care in the United States over the past century?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because activist groups have played a significant role in fighting sexism in gynecologic care over the past century. These groups have advocated for better healthcare access, reproductive rights, and gender equality. This is supported by historical evidence of movements such as the women's rights movement and advocacy for reproductive justice. Choice A is incorrect as reproductive health care has not always been under the control of persons assigned female at birth (AFAB) since the 1900s, as there have been significant disparities and challenges faced by individuals in accessing quality care. Choice B is incorrect as the healthcare system has not always been fair in shared decision-making with persons AFAB, with historical examples of paternalistic practices. Choice D is incorrect as excluding persons AFAB from research trials would be unethical and discriminatory, which is not reflective of the overall history of gynecologic care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: a pregnant person who needs neurosurgery. In a Level 4 hospital, which is a facility capable of providing the highest level of care, the nurse can expect to see patients with complex and critical medical conditions like a pregnant person requiring neurosurgery. This level of hospital is equipped with advanced medical technology and specialists to handle such cases. A: a first-time pregnant person with good fetal movement - This choice is incorrect as it does not specify any complex medical condition that would require the services of a Level 4 hospital. C: a postpartum person with asthma - While asthma can be a serious condition, it does not necessarily require the highest level of care provided by a Level 4 hospital. D: a pregnant person who plans to birth in a birth center - This choice is incorrect as it suggests a low-risk pregnancy that can be managed in a less intensive care setting than a Level 4 hospital.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because developing an educational pamphlet discussing signs of preeclampsia can help raise awareness and educate pregnant individuals about a life-threatening condition contributing to maternal mortality. This intervention can empower individuals to recognize warning signs early, seek timely medical care, and potentially prevent adverse outcomes. Conducting weekly prenatal appointments in their home (Choice A) may not address the underlying causes of maternal mortality and may not be feasible for all pregnant individuals. Drawing blood on all pregnant persons to look for anemia (Choice B) may not be the most effective strategy to address maternal mortality as anemia is just one of many contributing factors. Assessing the health of a baby using an ultrasound (Choice C) does not directly address the issue of maternal mortality and focuses on fetal, rather than maternal, well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because community-based nursing involves providing care directly to individuals and families within the community, often in non-traditional settings like mobile units or homes. This differs from community health nursing, which focuses on promoting and protecting the health of populations. Choice B is incorrect because community-based nurses do more than just provide education. Choice C is incorrect as cardiac assessments are a specific task that may not always be performed by community health nurses. Choice D is incorrect as community health nurses also provide a range of services beyond hands-on care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The purpose of the standards of care for nurses is to protect the public's safety. These standards outline the expected level of care and practice to ensure patients receive safe and effective care. By adhering to these standards, nurses can prevent harm and promote positive outcomes for patients. Hospital administration promotion (A) is not the primary purpose, assessing patients (B) is just one aspect of care, and protecting healthcare providers (D) is not the main focus of standards of care.