What is the average glomerular filtration rate?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: GFR averages 180 L/day (125 mL/min × 1440 min), not 10 L, 1.5 L, or 1 mL/min (misunits). This quantifies filtration capacity, critical for renal function assessment, contrasting with incorrect scales.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Renal papillae (pyramid tips) drain into minor calyces, not pelvis (later), ureter, or columns (cortex). This specifies urine origin, critical for medullary drainage, contrasting with later flow.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Creatinine clearance measures GFR, not insulin (metabolism), PAH (tubular secretion), or creatine (precursor). This identifies glomerular marker, critical for renal assessment, contrasting with tubular tests.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Renal system regulates pH (H+ excretion), blood pressure (RAAS), and concentration (water/solute) all apply. This encompasses renal roles, critical for homeostasis, contrasting with single functions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: ADH reduces urine output by increasing water reabsorption, not minimal, increases, or maintains. This specifies ADH's antidiuretic role, critical for hydration, contrasting with diuretic effects.