ATI RN
Physical Exam Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the approximate stroke volume of the heart?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Approximately 70 mL of blood per beat). The average human stroke volume is around 70 mL. This volume represents the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle in each contraction. It is important to note that stroke volume can vary depending on factors such as age, fitness level, and cardiac health. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the typical range of stroke volume in a healthy adult. Option A (60 mL) is slightly below the average, while options C (80 mL) and D (90 mL) are above the typical range. Therefore, the best approximation for stroke volume in the heart is around 70 mL per beat.
Question 2 of 5
Which neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetic nervous system can decrease heart rate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is released by the parasympathetic nervous system and acts on the heart to decrease heart rate. It binds to muscarinic receptors in the heart, leading to a decrease in heart rate through inhibition of the SA node. Norepinephrine (B) is released by the sympathetic nervous system and increases heart rate. Dopamine (C) and Serotonin (D) are not directly involved in regulating heart rate through the parasympathetic pathway.
Question 3 of 5
Which valve prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pulmonary valve. This valve prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery by closing when the right ventricle relaxes. The pulmonary valve ensures that blood flows in one direction, from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. The other choices, B: Aortic valve, C: Tricuspid valve, and D: Mitral valve, are incorrect because they are not located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. The aortic valve is between the left ventricle and the aorta, the tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and ventricle, and the mitral valve is between the left atrium and ventricle.
Question 4 of 5
Which term describes an abnormal heartbeat that can be either too fast or too slow?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arrhythmia. An arrhythmia refers to an abnormal heartbeat rhythm, which can be too fast (tachycardia) or too slow (bradycardia). Arrhythmia encompasses both of these irregularities. Choice B, bradycardia, specifically refers to a slow heartbeat, while choice C, tachycardia, specifically refers to a fast heartbeat. Choice D, conductivity, is not directly related to the speed or rhythm of the heartbeat, making it an incorrect choice.
Question 5 of 5
Which term refers to high blood pressure, a condition where the force of the blood against the artery walls is too high?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Hypertension refers to high blood pressure, where the force of blood against artery walls is too high. This condition can lead to serious health issues. Hypotension (B) is low blood pressure. Hyperlipidemia (C) is high levels of fats/lipids in the blood. Diabetes (D) is a condition related to blood sugar regulation, not blood pressure. Therefore, A is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the condition described in the question.