ATI RN
ATI Practice Exam Pharmacology The Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 9
What is the action of Metformin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 9
In developing a plan of care for the patient, the nurse understands that the order for pegfilgrastim was prescribed for which reason?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pegfilgrastim is a long-acting form of filgrastim, modified with polyethylene glycol (pegylated) to prolong its activity. It is administered once per chemotherapy cycle to stimulate white blood cell production and reduce the risk of neutropenia. Unlike filgrastim, which requires daily injections, pegfilgrastim's extended half-life allows for less frequent dosing. The nurse should educate the patient about the dosing schedule and monitor for side effects, such as bone pain.
Question 3 of 9
A patient tells the nurse that he likes to eat large amounts of garlic to help lower his cholesterol levels naturally. The nurse reviews his medication history and notes that which drug has a potential interaction with the garlic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Garlic has been reported to have potential interactions with warfarin, which is an anticoagulant medication. Garlic contains compounds that can also act as anticoagulants, and the combination with warfarin may increase the risk of bleeding. It can lead to potentiation of the anticoagulant effects of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding complications. Therefore, patients taking warfarin should be cautious about consuming large amounts of garlic or garlic supplements. This potential interaction highlights the importance of discussing all dietary supplements with healthcare providers to prevent adverse events.
Question 4 of 9
A patient reports having adverse effects with nicotinic acid (niacin). The nurse can suggest performing which action to minimize these undesirable effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Taking an aspirin tablet 30 minutes before taking nicotinic acid (niacin) can help minimize flushing and other adverse effects associated with nicotinic acid therapy. Aspirin can help to reduce the vasodilation effects caused by nicotinic acid, thereby decreasing the flushing reaction experienced by the patient. This strategy is commonly recommended to help patients tolerate nicotinic acid therapy better and improve medication adherence.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse teaches a class for college students about osteoporosis. What is the best information to include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 6 of 9
A client is admitted to the emergency room complaining of difficulty of breathing and upon auscultation, the nurse noted that the patient has wheezes. An allergic reaction to penicillin was
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol (Ventolin HFA) is a short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator commonly used to treat asthma exacerbations and wheezing. In this case, the patient presenting with wheezes and difficulty breathing likely has bronchospasm, which albuterol can help relieve by relaxing the muscles in the airways. It is the first-line treatment for acute bronchospasm and is administered via inhalation to provide quick relief of symptoms. Albuterol works rapidly to open up the airways, making it an appropriate initial medication to administer in this situation.
Question 7 of 9
Louie, who is to receive a blood transfusion asks the nurse what is the most common type of infection he could receive from the transfusion. The nurse teaches him that approximately 1 in 250,000 patients contract:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hepatitis C infection is the most common transfusion-transmitted infection, with an estimated risk of 1 in 250,000 units of blood. While the risk of HIV and hepatitis B has significantly decreased due to improved screening and testing, hepatitis C remains a concern. West Nile virus is rare and region-specific. The nurse should reassure Louie that the blood supply is rigorously tested, but hepatitis C is the most likely infection, albeit still rare.
Question 8 of 9
Oral decongestants differ from intranasal decongestants in that oral decongestants
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 9 of 9
Which of the following is the most effective in the management of absence seizures?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Absence seizures, brief lapses in consciousness, require specific antiepileptics. Carbamazepine, effective for focal seizures, can worsen absence seizures by enhancing sodium channel activity. Topiramate and clobazam have broader uses but limited efficacy here. Phenytoin suits tonic-clonic, not absence. Ethosuximide reduces T-type calcium currents in thalamic neurons, directly targeting absence seizure mechanisms, making it most effective. Its specificity ensures rapid control, critical for pediatric epilepsy management.