What is tertiary prevention?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on softening the impact of an ongoing illness or injury by managing complications, preventing disability, and improving quality of life. It comes after primary (preventing disease/injury) and secondary (early detection/treatment) prevention. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to primary prevention. Choice B is incorrect because it relates to secondary prevention. Choice D is incorrect as it specifically addresses treating existing diseases rather than focusing on managing ongoing illness or injury. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer for tertiary prevention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: ADHD. Amphetamine (Adderall) is commonly used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by helping to improve focus, attention, and impulse control. It is a stimulant that works on the central nervous system to increase certain brain chemicals. Amphetamine is not used for treating depression (B), anxiety (C), or schizophrenia (D). Depression is usually treated with antidepressants, anxiety with anti-anxiety medications, and schizophrenia with antipsychotic medications. Therefore, the correct choice is A because it aligns with the known therapeutic uses of amphetamine.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sedation and respiratory depression. Benzodiazepines are known to cause sedative effects by enhancing the action of GABA in the brain, leading to relaxation and drowsiness. Respiratory depression can occur, especially in high doses or when combined with other depressants. Option B is incorrect as benzodiazepines typically do not increase energy and alertness but rather have a calming effect. Option C is also incorrect as weight gain and increased appetite are not commonly associated with benzodiazepines. Option D is incorrect because benzodiazepines do have side effects, including sedation and respiratory depression.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because chlorpromazine is known to cause extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) such as tremors and muscle stiffness, as well as orthostatic hypotension. EPS are common side effects of typical antipsychotics like chlorpromazine due to dopamine receptor blockade. Choices B and C are incorrect because weight gain, increased appetite, sedation, and respiratory depression are not typically associated with chlorpromazine. Therefore, option A is the best choice based on the known side effects of chlorpromazine.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because lithium toxicity can manifest with a range of symptoms affecting different body systems. Tremors and ataxia (A) are common neuromuscular symptoms. Confusion and convulsions (B) are neurological symptoms. Nausea and vomiting (C) are gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, all of the above (D) are potential side effects of lithium toxicity due to its impact on various bodily functions. It is important to recognize and monitor for these symptoms to prevent serious complications.