What is serotonin?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because serotonin is primarily known for its role in mood regulation and arousal. Serotonin helps regulate emotions, sleep, and appetite. It is involved in various mental health conditions like depression and anxiety. Choice B is incorrect because serotonin is not primarily involved in cognition and motivation. Choice C is incorrect as serotonin is not primarily involved in pain perception and muscle relaxation. Choice D is incorrect as serotonin is not primarily involved in learning and memory.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate anxiety. A decrease in GABA levels can lead to an increase in anxiety, mania, and schizophrenia. Option A is incorrect as GABA reduction does not result in a reduction in anxiety. Option C is incorrect as depression is not typically associated with a decrease in GABA levels. Option D is incorrect as GABA dysfunction is not a primary factor in Parkinson's disease.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on softening the impact of an ongoing illness or injury by managing complications, preventing disability, and improving quality of life. It comes after primary (preventing disease/injury) and secondary (early detection/treatment) prevention. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to primary prevention. Choice B is incorrect because it relates to secondary prevention. Choice D is incorrect as it specifically addresses treating existing diseases rather than focusing on managing ongoing illness or injury. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer for tertiary prevention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Abnormal muscle tone resulting in spasms and abnormal posture. Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterized by sustained muscle contractions, causing repetitive movements or abnormal postures. This leads to spasms and involuntary muscle movements, resulting in abnormal posture. Choice B is incorrect because dystonia is not characterized by excessive muscle relaxation, but rather by muscle contractions. Choice C is incorrect as dystonia does not involve muscle weakness, but rather involuntary muscle contractions. Choice D is incorrect because dystonia is not primarily characterized by muscle pain, but by abnormal muscle tone and posture.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: ADHD. Amphetamine (Adderall) is commonly used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by helping to improve focus, attention, and impulse control. It is a stimulant that works on the central nervous system to increase certain brain chemicals. Amphetamine is not used for treating depression (B), anxiety (C), or schizophrenia (D). Depression is usually treated with antidepressants, anxiety with anti-anxiety medications, and schizophrenia with antipsychotic medications. Therefore, the correct choice is A because it aligns with the known therapeutic uses of amphetamine.