What is primary prevention?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Primary prevention involves preventing disease or injury before it occurs by targeting risk factors and promoting health. This is the most effective and cost-efficient approach to improving public health. Other choices, B, C, and D, focus on interventions after the onset of disease or injury, which fall under secondary and tertiary prevention strategies. These options aim to reduce the impact of an existing condition rather than preventing it from happening in the first place. Thus, the correct choice is A as it aligns with the definition and goal of primary prevention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because alprazolam is a benzodiazepine that commonly causes drowsiness as a side effect due to its sedative properties. Respiratory depression is also a known side effect of benzodiazepines, especially when taken in high doses or with other depressants. Choice B is incorrect because benzodiazepines like alprazolam typically have a sedating effect rather than increasing energy and alertness. Choice C is incorrect as weight gain and increased appetite are not commonly associated with alprazolam use. Choice D is also incorrect because alprazolam does have side effects, such as drowsiness and respiratory depression.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clonazepam, diazepam, and alprazolam. These are common benzodiazepines used to treat anxiety disorders and other conditions. Clonazepam, diazepam, and alprazolam are all examples of benzodiazepines with known anxiolytic properties. Choice B, Fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine, are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) used for treating depression and other mood disorders, not benzodiazepines. Choice C, Lithium, valproate, and carbamazepine, are mood stabilizers commonly used to treat bipolar disorder and epilepsy, not benzodiazepines. Choice D is incorrect because there are indeed common benzodiazepines available for clinical use.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because buspirone commonly causes dizziness, nausea, headaches, lightheadedness, agitation, and restlessness as its side effects. These side effects are well-documented in clinical trials and are included in the drug's prescribing information. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because each of them only lists a subset of the side effects associated with buspirone, whereas choice D encompasses all the potential side effects. Therefore, selecting "All of the above" is the most comprehensive and accurate response in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Disulfiram (Antabuse) is used to treat alcohol abuse by causing unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed. It acts as a deterrent to drinking. Choice A is correct due to its specific mechanism of action. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as disulfiram is not indicated for depression, anxiety, or schizophrenia. Each of these conditions requires different medications with distinct modes of action.