What is one therapeutic use for Nitroglycerine?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nitroglycerine is commonly used as a therapeutic agent for the relief or prevention of anginal attacks in patients with stable angina or chronic angina pectoris. Angina is a condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen-rich blood. Nitroglycerine works by dilating blood vessels, which helps to increase blood flow to the heart and reduce the workload of the heart, thereby relieving chest pain associated with angina.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Styptics are hemostatic agents that work by causing local vasoconstriction, which helps reduce bleeding. This vasoconstriction is achieved through their astringent properties, which constrict blood vessels and promote blood clotting at the site of application. Sympathomimetics, while also working to constrict blood vessels, do so systemically and are not specifically used for local hemostasis. Mechanical agents, such as pressure or sutures, physically help to stop bleeding but do not induce vasoconstriction. Thrombin is an enzyme involved in the clotting cascade but does not directly cause vasoconstriction.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Glyceryl trinitrate, also known as nitroglycerin, is a medication commonly used for the management of angina (chest pain). When administered sublingually (under the tongue), glyceryl trinitrate is rapidly absorbed through the highly vascular sublingual mucosa, leading to a quick onset of action. The sublingual route allows for the drug to enter the bloodstream directly without being metabolized by the liver first, resulting in faster relief of angina symptoms. This makes sublingual administration the most effective route for managing acute episodes of angina. Other routes of administration, such as oral, subcutaneous, intravenous, or intramuscular, would not provide the same rapid and reliable relief for angina.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Adherence to the prescribed regimen is critical in tuberculosis treatment to prevent resistance and ensure efficacy. Skipping doses can lead to treatment failure and drug-resistant TB. Isoniazid and rifampin are typically taken once daily, not three times daily. Antacids can interfere with the absorption of these drugs and should be avoided. There is no specific requirement to take rifampin initially; both drugs should be taken as prescribed.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Adverse effects of propranolol that the nurse would assess for include allergic reaction, bradycardia, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, cerebrovascular accident, pulmonary edema, gastric pain, flatulence, impotence, decreased exercise tolerance, and bronchospasm. The nurse should monitor for these adverse effects and intervene as needed to ensure patient safety.