What is one reason why women are more likely than men to have urinary tract infections?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Women have a shorter urethra. This is because women have a shorter urethra compared to men, which makes it easier for bacteria to travel up the urinary tract and cause infections. The shorter distance allows bacteria to reach the bladder more quickly, increasing the likelihood of urinary tract infections. Incorrect choices: A: Women's gonads having different gonads is irrelevant to the likelihood of urinary tract infections. B: Women's kidneys not filtering blood properly would lead to other health issues, not specifically urinary tract infections. D: Women having urinary incontinence is a separate issue from the increased likelihood of urinary tract infections in women.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: In the morning. Elastic stockings should be applied in the morning because that's when the legs are least swollen, ensuring proper fit and effectiveness throughout the day. Applying them in the evening may lead to discomfort as legs may be more swollen by then. Mid-afternoon and after exercising are not ideal times as the legs may be more fatigued, making it harder to apply the stockings properly.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Open fracture. An open fracture involves the skin being broken, allowing the bone to protrude through the skin. This poses a high risk of infection due to exposure of the bone to the external environment. Closed fractures (A) do not involve any break in the skin. Greenstick fractures (C) are incomplete fractures commonly seen in children. Compression fractures (D) occur when bones are crushed, often seen in the spine. Therefore, an open fracture best describes a fracture with an open wound and bone protrusion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Mark the bathroom with a sign or picture. This step is essential for a resident with Alzheimer's disease to help them recognize the bathroom easily, reducing confusion and anxiety. By marking the bathroom, the resident can retain their independence and dignity. Choice A is incorrect as withholding fluids can lead to dehydration and worsen incontinence. Choice B is irrelevant and does not address the issue of incontinence. Choice D is incomplete and does not provide any guidance on how to support the resident with incontinence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immune system weakens. As people age, their immune system tends to weaken, leading to decreased ability to combat infections and illnesses effectively. This is a normal age-related change due to factors such as thymus gland atrophy and reduced immune cell function. B: Antibody response speeds up - This is incorrect as aging typically results in a slower and less efficient immune response. C: Number of T-cells increases - This is incorrect as the number of T-cells actually decreases with age, leading to a weakened immune response. D: Response to vaccines increases - This is incorrect as older individuals often have a diminished response to vaccines due to their weakened immune system.