ATI RN
Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is most likely the underlying physiology of primary enuresis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary enuresis refers to involuntary wetting during sleep in children who have never been consistently dry at night. The most likely underlying physiology of primary enuresis is delayed bladder maturation. This means that the child's bladder is not yet able to hold urine for the entire night, leading to bedwetting episodes. As children age, their bladder capacity increases and their ability to remain dry at night improves. In most cases, primary enuresis resolves on its own as the child's bladder matures. It is important for parents and caregivers to provide support and reassurance to the child during this time.
Question 2 of 5
A woman sees her primary care provider because of extreme fatigue for the past 2 months; she difficulty lifting even light objects. Her physician suspects myasthenia gravis. Which of the ff. tests should the nurse anticipate to confirm this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Tensilon test is used to confirm the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, a condition characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue. In this test, the medication Tensilon (also known as edrophonium) is administered intravenously. If the patient has myasthenia gravis, there will be a rapid but temporary improvement in muscle strength after the Tensilon injection. This response helps to differentiate myasthenia gravis from other causes of muscle weakness. The other options mentioned (Mestinon test, pulmonary function studies, and quinine tolerance test) do not specifically confirm the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 3-month-old during a well-baby visit. Which of the following findings would warrant the nurse to recommend that the baby have an ultrasound for a possible diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition where the hip joint does not develop normally. It is important to detect DDH early in infants as it can lead to long-term hip problems. One of the key physical exam findings that may suggest DDH is unequal knee heights when the infant's legs are flexed. This is known as the Galeazzi sign, and it can indicate hip dysplasia or dislocation. Therefore, if a nurse observes this finding during an assessment of a 3-month-old infant, it would warrant recommending an ultrasound to further evaluate for possible DDH. Bilateral plantar flexion, bilateral polydactyly, and a positive Babinski test are not typically associated with DDH.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is interviewing a client about his past medical history. Which preexisting condition may lead the nurse to suspect that a client has colorectal cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The presence of polyps in the colon is a significant risk factor for developing colorectal cancer. Polyps are abnormal growths in the inner lining of the colon or rectum that can potentially become cancerous over time if left untreated. Therefore, if a client has a history of polyps, the nurse may suspect the possibility of colorectal cancer and should closely monitor the client for any signs or symptoms. While the other conditions listed may sometimes be associated with colorectal cancer, having a history of polyps is the most concerning in this context.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who is recovering from a stroke becomes easily frustrated when unable to complete a task. Which of the ff. responses by the nurse will best help the patient get the task done?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Breaking the task down into simple steps is the best response by the nurse to help the patient get the task done. By breaking the task into smaller, more manageable steps, the patient can focus on completing each step successfully, leading to a sense of accomplishment and reducing frustration. This approach promotes a positive and empowering experience for the patient, ultimately aiding in their recovery and rehabilitation process.