ATI RN
Pharmacology Assessment 2 ATI Capstone Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is Montelukast used for?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Montelukast is primarily used for the prevention and treatment of asthma. It is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that works by blocking leukotrienes, substances in the body that cause symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis. By blocking leukotrienes, Montelukast helps to reduce inflammation in the airways, decrease bronchoconstriction, and ultimately improve asthma symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. It is not used for lowering pain levels, treating depression, or improving wakefulness in patients.
Question 2 of 5
All of the following are eicosanoids, except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bradykinin is not an eicosanoid. Eicosanoids are signaling molecules derived from arachidonic acid or other polyunsaturated fatty acids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. Bradykinin, on the other hand, is a peptide that functions as a mediator of inflammation and pain by promoting vasodilation and increasing vascular permeability.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient. The nurse will anticipate administering which medication to this patient to help prevent thrombus formation caused by slow venous blood flow?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low-molecular-weight heparin is commonly administered to postoperative patients to help prevent thrombus formation caused by slow venous blood flow. This medication works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. It is considered safer and more effective than unfractionated heparin in preventing venous thromboembolism in surgical patients. Aspirin and clopidogrel are antiplatelet medications that are more commonly used for preventing arterial thrombosis rather than venous thrombosis. Alteplase is a thrombolytic medication used to dissolve existing blood clots, rather than prevent their formation.
Question 4 of 5
Which patient problem is a priority for patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors commonly cause skin-related side effects, such as rash, dryness, and paronychia (nail inflammation). These side effects can lead to tissue injury and discomfort, impacting the patient's quality of life. While bone marrow suppression and reduced platelet activity are concerns with other chemotherapies, they are less common with EGFR inhibitors. Alopecia is also less frequently associated with these drugs. The nurse should prioritize monitoring and managing skin-related side effects to prevent complications and ensure patient comfort.
Question 5 of 5
The ophthalmologist asks the nurse to prepare to assist in the administration of tetracaine, fluorescein stain, and atropine for a diagnostic eye examination. Before assisting in the procedure, it is most important for the nurse to inform the ophthalmologist if the patient has a history of which condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atropine is a mydriatic agent that dilates the pupil and can precipitate angle-closure glaucoma in patients with a narrow anterior chamber angle. Therefore, it is critical to inform the ophthalmologist if the patient has a history of angle-closure glaucoma. Cataracts (A), open-angle glaucoma (C), and macular degeneration (D) are not contraindications for the use of atropine.