What is known as providing families with information on normal growth and development and nurturing child-rearing practices before the child enters that stage of development?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Anticipatory guidance is the process of providing parents with information about expected developmental milestones and how to address common issues that may arise during different stages of their child's growth. This proactive approach helps parents prepare for and support their child's development. Holistic nursing (choice A) refers to a comprehensive and integrated approach to healthcare that considers the whole person. Evidence-based practice (choice B) involves making clinical decisions based on the best available evidence. Morbidity (choice C) refers to the prevalence of a disease in a population.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dramatic play. Dramatic play involves children acting out experiences to better understand them and reduce fear. In this scenario, by giving the teddy bear a 'shot' first, the nurse is engaging in dramatic play to help the child comprehend and feel more comfortable with the upcoming injection.\n A: Critical play involves critical thinking and problem-solving, not acting out scenarios.\n B: Role play typically involves pretending to be someone else, not necessarily acting out a specific experience.\n C: Diversionary activity aims to distract or redirect attention, which is different from the purpose of dramatic play in this context.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scale is commonly used to assess pain in infants and young children who are unable to verbally communicate their pain. This scale is particularly useful in assessing post-operative pain in infants as it evaluates different behaviors and physiological responses to pain. The Oucher scale is more commonly used with children who are older and can provide self-report of pain intensity. Wong-Baker FACES scale is primarily used with children who are older and can indicate their pain level by pointing to facial expressions. The 0-10 pain scale is typically used with older children and adults who can rate their pain on a numerical scale.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pediatric pharmacology, understanding normal growth and development milestones is crucial for assessing a child's health and response to medications. The correct answer is A) 1 year. By the age of 1 year, birth weight typically triples in most infants. This rapid growth and weight gain during the first year of life are essential for overall development and to establish a healthy baseline for future growth. Option B) 1 month is incorrect because an infant's birth weight does not triple by this early age. Infants experience significant growth spurts during the first few months of life, but tripling of birth weight occurs over a more extended period. Option C) 2 years is incorrect because by this age, most children have well surpassed tripling their birth weight. By age 2, children have usually transitioned to a slower growth rate compared to infancy. Option D) 6 months is incorrect as well because although infants experience rapid growth and weight gain in the first 6 months, it is typically not enough to triple their birth weight by this age. Understanding growth patterns in children is essential for nurses to monitor and assess pediatric patients effectively. It helps in identifying growth abnormalities, nutritional needs, and potential health issues. By knowing when birth weight typically triples, nurses can provide appropriate care and education to support healthy growth and development in children.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Thelarche. Thelarche refers to the onset of breast development, which is typically the first sign of puberty in girls. This occurs before menarche (the first menstrual period). Choices A and B, acne and hair growth in the pubic area and underarms, are not the first signs of puberty in girls. While acne can be a common occurrence during puberty, it usually appears after other physical changes. Hair growth in the pubic area and underarms also occurs later in the puberty process.