What is important for the nurse to know when assessing infertility?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) The investigation will take several months and can be very costly. This answer is correct because infertility assessments are comprehensive and can indeed take several months to complete. It involves a series of tests and evaluations for both partners, which can be time-consuming and expensive. Understanding this aspect is crucial for nurses as they guide and support couples through the fertility assessment process. Option A is incorrect because the couple's religious, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds, while important in providing holistic care, do not constitute "emotional clutter." Instead, this information can offer valuable insights into the couple's beliefs and preferences related to fertility treatments. Option C is incorrect because infertility assessments should ideally be conducted for both partners simultaneously to identify any underlying issues promptly. It is not a sequential process starting with assessing the woman first. Option D is incorrect because semen analysis is not exclusively for men, and the postcoital test is not just for women. Both partners may need various tests to determine the cause of infertility, and these tests are not gender-specific. In an educational context, understanding the complexities of infertility assessments is crucial for nurses working in maternal health. By knowing the time and cost implications, nurses can better prepare couples for the process, provide emotional support, and facilitate informed decision-making regarding fertility treatments.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Intramuscular (IM) injection. Purified FSH (Metrodin) is typically administered through intramuscular injection. This route ensures the medication is delivered directly into the muscle, allowing for efficient absorption into the bloodstream. Option A) Intranasal spray is not the correct form for administering purified FSH. Intranasal sprays are typically used for medications that are absorbed through the nasal mucosa, not for hormones like FSH. Option B) Vaginal suppository is also an incorrect form of administration for purified FSH. Vaginal suppositories are usually used for medications that need to be absorbed through the vaginal mucosa, not for hormones like FSH. Option D) Tablet is not the correct form for purified FSH. FSH is a protein hormone that would be broken down in the digestive system if taken orally, making it ineffective. Understanding the appropriate route of administration for medications is crucial in healthcare. In the case of infertility treatments like purified FSH, the correct administration method (intramuscular injection) ensures optimal effectiveness of the medication in helping the patient achieve the desired therapeutic outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Needle-localization biopsy. This diagnostic test is used to confirm a suspected diagnosis of breast cancer because it allows for the precise sampling of tissue from the suspicious area for further examination under a microscope. This procedure helps in determining if the cells are cancerous or benign. Option A) Mammogram is a screening tool used to detect abnormalities in the breast tissue but cannot confirm a diagnosis of breast cancer on its own. Option B) Ultrasound can help further evaluate abnormalities detected on a mammogram but is not typically used as the primary diagnostic test for confirming breast cancer. Option D) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable tool for breast cancer staging but is not typically the first-line diagnostic test to confirm a suspected diagnosis. In an educational context, understanding the diagnostic tests for breast cancer is crucial for healthcare professionals working in maternal health. It is important for them to know the role of each test in the diagnostic process to ensure timely and accurate diagnosis, which is essential for effective treatment and improved outcomes for patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C) "Wearing clothing with snug sleeves to support the tissue of the arm on the operative side" is the correct choice. After a mastectomy, it is important for the client to wear loose-fitting clothing to prevent constriction and support the arm on the operative side. Tight clothing can impede lymphatic drainage and increase the risk of lymphedema, a common complication post-mastectomy. Option A) "Emptying surgical drains twice a day and as needed" is a necessary post-operative task to prevent fluid buildup but not directly related to activity restriction. Option B) "Lifting more than 4.5 kg (10 lb) or reaching above her head until given permission by her surgeon" is crucial advice to prevent strain on the surgical site and promote proper healing. Option D) "Immediately reporting inflammation that develops at the incision site or in the affected arm" is also important for early detection of infection but not directly related to activity restrictions post-mastectomy. Educationally, understanding these activity restrictions and precautions post-mastectomy is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to ensure optimal recovery and prevent complications for their clients. Proper patient education on these matters can significantly impact the client's quality of life and overall health outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Galactorrhea. Galactorrhea is the term used to describe spontaneous flow of milk from the breast unrelated to breastfeeding. This condition is often caused by hormonal imbalances, medications, thyroid issues, or stress. Milky, sticky breast discharge is a common symptom of galactorrhea. Option A) Relative inflammatory lesion is incorrect because it does not specifically relate to milky, sticky breast discharge. Option C) Mammary duct ectasia typically presents with greenish or black nipple discharge, not milky discharge. Option D) Breast infection would present with symptoms like redness, warmth, and tenderness, not milky discharge. Educationally, understanding common nonmalignant breast conditions like galactorrhea is crucial for healthcare providers working in maternal health. Recognizing these conditions helps in providing appropriate care, reassurance, and guidance to clients experiencing such symptoms, ensuring their well-being and peace of mind.