ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 The Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is Heparin's antidote?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Protamine sulfate is the antidote for Heparin. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting clotting factors in the blood. In cases of Heparin overdose or when a patient needs to quickly reverse the effects of Heparin, Protamine sulfate is administered as an antidote. Protamine sulfate works by binding to Heparin and neutralizing its anticoagulant effects, thus helping to restore normal clotting function. It is important to use Protamine sulfate cautiously as it can cause severe reactions in some individuals, especially those with allergies to fish, as Protamine is derived from fish sperm.
Question 2 of 5
Basic component of a blood clot
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Platelets are the basic component of a blood clot. When there is an injury to a blood vessel, platelets are activated and aggregate at the site to form a plug, which is the first step in the clotting process. Platelets release chemicals that further promote clot formation, eventually leading to the formation of a stable blood clot. While fibrin, thrombin, thromboxane, and ADP are also involved in the clotting process, platelets play a central role in the initial formation of a blood clot.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is described as the route of drug administration where the drug is placed directly into the GIT from where absorption occurs.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enteral drug administration is the route where the drug is placed directly into the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), such as through the mouth (oral administration) or through a feeding tube. Once administered, the drug is absorbed through the walls of the GI tract into the bloodstream for systemic distribution. This is in contrast to parenteral routes where drugs are administered by methods other than through the digestive system, such as injections, inhalation, or topical application. Intravenous (IV) administration, specifically mentioned in the question, is a type of parenteral route where drugs are injected directly into a vein for rapid and complete systemic distribution.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is taking levofloxacin. What does the nurse know to be true regarding this drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic available in both oral and intravenous forms. It is not classified as an aminoglycoside. A well-documented adverse effect of fluoroquinolones is tendon rupture, particularly in older adults and those on corticosteroid therapy. Hypertension is not a common side effect of levofloxacin. Patients should be advised to report any tendon pain or swelling immediately.
Question 5 of 5
The home care nurse is caring for a patient newly prescribed a nonselective beta-blocking agent. What would the nurse include in the teaching plan related to this drug? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients should be taught to change position slowly, avoid driving or operating hazardous machinery, and to pace activities as a result of potential dizziness from orthostatic hypotension in order to avoid injury. Patients should take medicine with meals when possible. Drug is more likely to decrease libido than increase it. Activity levels should be paced and care should be taken not to overdo. The nurse should provide comprehensive patient education to ensure safe and effective use of the medication.